APS Fellow Archive

The APS Fellow Archive contains records of many APS Fellows from 1921 to the present. Please note some Fellows may not be displayed or may display with limited information.

The archive is a historical record and is not updated to reflect current information. All institutional affiliations reflect the Fellows’ affiliations at the time of election to APS Fellowship.

For a current listing of Fellows who are active members, or to find Fellows currently affiliated with your institution, please use the APS Member Directory. For questions about the archive or to inquire about locating a record, please contact APS Honors Staff at honors@aps.org.

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Paul A Alivisatos [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

A. Paul Alivisatos [1996]
University of California, Berkeley
Citation: For his pioneering contributions to the preparation and study of nanocrystals, including their incorporation into arrays and optoelectronic devices.
Nominated by: DCP

Marthe Bacal [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Ralph F. Baierlein [1996]
Wesleyan University
Citation: For his varied contributions in physics, particularly in the areas of physics education, and for his many years of service to the profession.
Nominated by: FED

Yehuda Benzion Band [1996]
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
Citation: For his many contributions to our understanding of the response of atoms and molecules to light, especially for the fundamental theory of molecular photodissociation and for collisions of ultracold atoms.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Roger Odell Bangerter [1996]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For fundamental contributions to all aspects of heavy-ion-driven inertial confinement fusion and leadership of the US effort to develop its potential as an energy source.
Nominated by: DPB

James M. Bardeen [1996]
University of Washington
Citation: For his seminal contributions to the theory of cosmological density perturbations, relativistic astrophysics, and galactic structure.
Nominated by: DAP

Lynn M. Barker [1996]
Valyn International
Citation: In recognition for his contribution to shock wave physics; particularly for development of new instrumentation techniques for shock wave studies such as VISAR and to the understanding of shock wave propagation in condensed matter.
Nominated by: GCCM

Philip Edward Batson [1996]
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center
Citation: For the development of both the experimental and interpretative aspects of high spatial resolution, high energy resolution energy loss spectroscopy as a valuable addition to electron microscopy studies of matter.
Nominated by: DMP

Uwe Eugen Becker [1996]
Institut der Max-Planck Gesellschaf
Citation: For seminal contributions to atomic and molecular photoionization studies, which have helped to develop our understanding of correlation processes particularly near threshold.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Dick Bedeaux [1996]
University of Leiden
Citation: For his contribution to the statistical physics and nonequilibrium thermodynamics of surfaces.
Nominated by: DCP

Ami Emanuel Berkowitz [1996]
University of California, San Diego
Citation: For elucidation of magnetic phenomena in particles, films, and multilayers and their technological applications.
Nominated by: DCMP

A. John Berlinsky [1996]
McMaster University
Citation: For his contributions to the theory of the solid hydrogens, the properties of spin aligned hydrogen, frustrated magnetic systems and the electromagnetic properties of high temperature superconductors.
Nominated by: FIP

John Berlinsky [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Edmund Bertschinger [1996]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Citation: For his outstanding contributions to theoretical cosmology, especially in the understanding of structure formation in the universe.
Nominated by: DAP

William Samuel Bialek [1996]
NEC Research Institute
Citation: For his contributions in understanding the neural code and the optimization of neural processing through application of the methods of theoretical physics to problems in neuroscience.
Nominated by: DBIO

Jozef Bicerano [1996]
Dow Chemical Company
Citation: For his contributions to methods for the predictive modeling of polymers, and especially the development of a simple and powerful new method for predicting key physical properties from the polymeric repeat unit.
Nominated by: DPOLY

Geoffrey Bodenhausen [1996]
National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
Citation: For his numerous contributions toward making magnetic resonance one of the most sophisticated and versatile methods available for gaining insight into structure and dynamics of molecules in condensed and gas phase.
Nominated by: DCP

John Edward Bowers [1996]
University of California, Santa Barbara
Citation: For contributions to the understanding of the ultrafast characteristics of optoelectronic devices and materials.
Nominated by: DLS

John Stuart Briggs [1996]
University of Freiburg
Citation: For seminal work in understanding the interaction of matter with ions, electrons and light.
Nominated by: FIP

Keith Burnett [1996]
University of Oxford
Citation: For seminal theoretical and experimental work on interrogation and manipulation of atomic collisions by light, and their application to quantum optics, strong-field physics, and Bose-Einstein condensation.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Blas Cabrera [1996]
Stanford University
Citation: For his precision measurement of the Cooper pair mass in a superconductor and his search for dark matter in the forms of magnetically charged particles or weakly interacting massive particles.
Nominated by: GIMS

Marvin Eugene Cage [1996]
National Institute of Standards & Technology
Citation: For excellence in measurement research that led to an accurate experimental SI determination of the quantized Hall resistance and adoption of the quantum Hall effect as the new international standard for resistance.
Nominated by: GIMS

Brian J. Cantwell [1996]
Stanford University
Citation: For basic contributions to recent developments in Fluid Dynamics, particularly in unsteady, viscous flow theory, from laminar and transitional jets to organized structures in turbulence.
Nominated by: DFD

George James Caporaso [1996]
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Citation: For original contributions to the design and analysis of high-current electron accelerators, especially for instability studies which have greatly extended the utility of induction linacs.
Nominated by: DPB

William C. Carithers [1996]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For his leadership in the construction of the CDF experiment, including its vertex detector, and his role as co-spokesperson during the period of discovery of the top quark.
Nominated by: DPF

Nicholas J. Carrera [1996]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For his key scientific role in the development and negotiation of the verification protocols to the Threshold Test Ban Treaty and for his distinguished contributions to the US arms control efforts.
Nominated by: FPS

Yves Jean Chabal [1996]
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Citation: For pioneering development of high-resolution infrared spectroscopy for adsorbate structure and dynamics on surfaces.
Nominated by: DCP

Ivan Emilio Chambouleyron [1996]
Instituto de Fisica, UNICAMP
Citation: For significant contributions to fundamental and applied studies of amorphous semiconductors, and for his leadership role in the advancement of applied physics in Latin America.
Nominated by: FIP

Che Ting Chan [1996]
Hong Kong University of Science & Technology
Citation: For his innovative contributions to the first-principles calculations and simulation of materials properties, including those of surface structures, clusters, and photonic band-gap materials.
Nominated by: FIP

Che-Ting Chan [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Cheng-Hsuan Sunshine Chen [1996]
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Citation: For pioneering contributions to condensed matter physics through applications of electron diffraction and microscopy.
Nominated by: DCMP

Chien-Te Chen [1996]
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Citation: For innovative experiments in the area of soft x-ray spectroscopy using synchrotron radiation, and especially the advancement of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism.
Nominated by: FIP

Kwok-Tsang Cheng [1996]
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Citation: For important contributions to the theory of atomic structure and dynamics, particularly to the understanding of relativistic and quantum-electrodynamic effects in highly charged ions.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Carmen Cisneros [1996]
Institut de Fisica
Citation: For her contributions to the field of molecular-ion collisional dissociation, particularly in fundamental hydrogenic systems, and for her efforts in international science and the development of AMO physics in Mexico.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Harvey Cline [1996]
General Electric R& D Laboratories
Citation: For sustained and significant applications of physics to semiconductor processing and medical imaging, most notably thermomigration production of vertical pn junctions and 3-D medical display algorithms for X-ray CT and MRI.
Nominated by: FIAP

E. William Colglazier [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

E. William Colglazier [1996]
National Research Council
Citation: For wise guidance of science and technology studies and insightful development of waste management policies, which demonstrate to the public the positive contributions of physics.
Nominated by: FPS

Massimo Cornacchia [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Max Cornacchia [1996]
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Citation: For broad contributions to the development of several accelerators, particularly in the design and development of synchrotron light sources from the first generation through current studies on concepts for future sources.
Nominated by: DPB

William O. Criminale [1996]
University of Washington
Citation: For seminal contributions to the understanding of the stability of laminar shear flows.
Nominated by: DFD

Leonard S. Cutler [1996]
Hewlett-Packard Laboratories
Citation: For fundamental applications of physics in the development of precision, commercial atomic frequency standards and clocks, and the two-frequency laser interferometer, an essential tool in modern integrated-circuit manufacturing.
Nominated by: FIAP

E. Dan Dahlberg [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Earl Dan Dahlberg [1996]
University of Minnesota
Citation: For contributions to the development of magnetic force microscopy and its application to the dynamics of magnetic systems.
Nominated by: DCMP

Supriyo Datta [1996]
Purdue University
Citation: For contributions to the theory of quantum transport and the interplay between quantum interference and dissipation in mesoscopic systems.
Nominated by: DCMP

Paul Davidovits [1996]
Boston College
Citation: For his basic studies of alkali and boron atom gas phase kinetics and for his pioneering contributions to the study of heterogeneous gas-liquid interactions.
Nominated by: DCP

Arthur F. Davidsen [1996]
Johns Hopkins University
Citation: For fundamental advances in the ultraviolet astronomy of faint extragalactic objects, and especially for the impact of these observations on our understanding of the hot intergalactic medium.
Nominated by: DAP

Claude Deutsch [1996]
Universite Paris XI
Citation: For seminal contributions to plasma spectroscopy, to strongly coupled plasmas and to ion-plasma interactions, and for leadership in Europe in promoting the experimental verification of enhanced ion stopping in dense plasmas.
Nominated by: FIP

Louis Franklin DiMauro [1996]
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Citation: For developing and utilizing high repetition rate, short pulse lasers for pioneering studies which have greatly advanced the fundamental understanding of multiphoton processes in atoms and molecules.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Dana D. Dlott [1996]
University of Illinois
Citation: For the development of ultrafast temperature jump techniques used to study molecular dynamics and molecular energy transfer in condensed matter under extreme conditions.
Nominated by: DCP

Jack Frank Douglas [1996]
National Institute of Standards & Technology
Citation: For substantial contributions to the theoretical physics and chemistry of macromolecular and complex systems.
Nominated by: DPOLY

Robert Dean DuBois [1996]
Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Citation: For contributions to heavy-particle collision physics, especially the innovative use of coincidence techniques to elucidate the influence of projectile electrons on impact ionization and separate target and projectile ionization.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Michael J. Duff [1996]
Texas A & M University
Citation: For contributions towards unified theories of the elementary particles including gravity, especially for the discovery of Weyl anomalies, for the four-dimensional interpretation of extra spacetime dimensions and for string/fivebrane duality.
Nominated by: DPF

Paul A. Durbin [1996]
Stanford University
Citation: For his contributions to fluid mechanics in general and near-wall turbulence modeling in particular through innovative concepts and analyses.
Nominated by: DFD

Maria Dworzecka [1996]
George Mason University
Citation: For co-directing the Consortium of Upper Level Physics Software (CUPS) and co-editing accompanying instructional material for upper level physics classes.
Nominated by: DCOMP

Igor E. Dzyaloshinskii [1996]
University of California, Irvine
Citation: For contributions to the theory of many-body systems.
Nominated by: DCMP

Helmut Eckelmann [1996]
Georg August Universitaet
Citation: For landmark measurements of the statistical properties of wall bounded turbulent shear flows and the study of their coherent structures and for discoveries of important three-dimensional aspects of circular cylinder wakes.
Nominated by: DFD

Kevin Einsweiler [1996]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For his contributions to the UA2 and CDF experiments, including high-precision measurement of the W mass, and to the design of detectors (SDC/ATLAS) for high-energy hadron colliders.
Nominated by: DPF

Paul Erdos [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Paul Erdos [1996]
University of Lusanne
Citation: For the elucidation of the thermal and electronic properties of disordered materials and actinide compounds, and for his work on the biophysics of the neural control of the locomotion of nematodes.
Nominated by: DBIO

Eric Hans Esarey [1996]
Naval Research Laboratory
Citation: In recognition of his seminal scientific contributions to the physics of intense laser-plasma interaction.
Nominated by: DPP

Lee A. Feldkamp [1996]
Ford Motor Company
Citation: For contributions in the application of physics to practical automotive control systems and computed tomography and to fundamental understanding of electron spectroscopies.
Nominated by: FIAP

Da H Feng [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Da Hsuan Feng [1996]
Drexel University
Citation: For outstanding contributions to the understanding of nuclear structure physics, particularly for the application of the coherent states to physics and nuclear physics.
Nominated by: DNP

Massimo Vincenzo Fischetti [1996]
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center
Citation: For the development of first-principle modeling that predicts accurately the performance of sub-micron semiconductor devices.
Nominated by: FIAP

Alex Friedman [1996]
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Citation: For innovations in computer modeling of fusion plasmas, laser-plasma interactions and charged particle beams, and design of high space charge accelerator components.
Nominated by: DCOMP

John Nicolas Galayda [1996]
Argonne National Laboratory
Citation: For his key role in the design, construction, and commissioning of the National Sychrotron Light Source and the Advanced Photon Source.
Nominated by: DPB

Jean Weil Gallagher [1996]
National Institute of Standards & Technology
Citation: For outstanding leadership and work in compiling and evaluating numeric data in atomic, molecular and optical physics.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Rodolfo Gambini [1996]
Instituto de Fisica
Citation: For distinguished research in field theory and gravitation, notably on geometrical techniques and the loop representation of gauge theories, and for mentoring theoretical physicists in Latin America.
Nominated by: FIP

Peter Ledel Gammel [1996]
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Citation: For contributions to our understanding of persistent currents in superfluid 3He and vorticity in both superfluid 3He and superconductors.
Nominated by: DCMP

Walter Gekelman [1996]
University of California, Los Angeles
Citation: For a unique, original program of complete and definitive diagnostic studies of magnetic field reconnection and current disruptions in plasmas, achieving major advances and linking space and laboratory plasma physics.
Nominated by: DPP

Kenneth W. Gentle [1996]
University of Texas, Austin
Citation: For his pioneering experiments on wave-particle and wave-wave interactions which have illuminated the fundamental nonlinear phenomena in collisionless plasmas, and for his leadership in the development of experiments which directly measure the fundamental processes of transport in Tokamak plasmas.
Nominated by: DPP

Laurence Doon Gibbs [1996]
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Citation: For development of x-ray magnetic scattering techniques and contributions to the understanding of the structure and phase behavior of metal surfaces.
Nominated by: DCMP

Ronald Matthew Gilgenbach [1996]
University of Michigan
Citation: For pioneering experimental research on electron cyclotron resonance heating in a tokamak, preionization by gyrotrons, electron beam transport and instabilities, and diagnostics of laser-ablated plasmas.
Nominated by: DPP

Orest Jaroslaw Glembocki [1996]
Naval Research Laboratory
Citation: For contributions in the field of optical properties of solids, especially photoreflectance of semiconductor microstructures.
Nominated by: DCMP

Robert J. Gordon [1996]
University of Illinois
Citation: For the development for both active and passive control over the rates and branching ratios of molecular reactions.
Nominated by: DCP

William George Graham [1996]
Queen's University
Citation: For significant contributions towards the measurement of atomic collision processes, particularly recombination, in nuclear fusion plasmas, and to the understanding of atomic collision processes in low-temperature plasmas.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Bob D. Guenther [1996]
US Army Research Laboratory
Citation: For seminal contributions to the fields of quantum electronics and optics, including the development of the use of lasers for enhanced magnetic resonance imaging, and for contributions to education in optics.
Nominated by: DLS

Nicholas John Hadley [1996]
University of Maryland
Citation: For his contributions to the discovery of the top quark and to searches for new particles.
Nominated by: DPF

Vasken Hagopian [1996]
Florida State University
Citation: For significant contributions to high energy physics including the discovery of the f(1270) meson and the detailed analysis of many other meson resonances.
Nominated by: DPF

Bruce A. Hammel [1996]
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Citation: For measurements and understanding of x-ray driven implosions, x-ray driven hydrodynamic instabilities and x-ray drive asymmetry.
Nominated by: DPP

John William Harris [1996]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For outstanding contributions to the field of relativistic nuclear collisions and leadership in the development of the experimental program at the future Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.
Nominated by: DNP

Shlomo Havlin [1996]
Bar-Ilan University
Citation: For pioneering light scattering imaging of biological tissues, and for seminal contributions to the understanding of transport in disordered systems, rough interfaces, chemical reactions, DNA, heartbeats and Alzheimer disease.
Nominated by: FIP

Pawel Hawrylak [1996]
NRC of Canada
Citation: For theoretical work on the role of many body effects in the optical properties of low dimensional electronic systems.
Nominated by: DCMP

William Walter Heidbrink [1996]
University of California, Irvine
Citation: For quantitative studies of the confinement and thermalization of fast ions in tokamak plasmas and for discovery of several fast-ion driven instabilities.
Nominated by: DPP

Donald E. Heiman [1996]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Citation: For studies of excitons in the quantum Hall regime and exchange interactions in magnetic semiconductors, using optical spectroscopy at the extremes of high magnetic fields and low temperatures.
Nominated by: DCMP

Christopher Lee Henley [1996]
Cornell University
Citation: For theoretical contributions to the understanding the structure and physics of quasicrystals and related crystalline structures.
Nominated by: DCMP

Arnold J. Hoff [1996]
University of Leiden
Citation: For novel and insightful applications of a variety of EPR related techniques to the elucidation of the primary processes in bacterial and green plant photosynthesis.
Nominated by: DBIO

Charles H. Holbrow [1996]
Colgate University
Citation: For his leadership in the development of the new modern physics problems project and its contribution to upper-division physics teaching, and for his leadership in bringing modern experimental techniques and instrumentation, especially involving laser physics, into undergraduate classrooms.
Nominated by: FED

Emil J. Hopfinger [1996]
IMG Domaine Universitaire
Citation: For his enlightening experiments in high Reynolds number turbulent flows, and for his unique experiments in stratified and rotating flows which have helped define the present-day study of geophysical fluid dynamics.
Nominated by: DFD

Zafar Iqbal [1996]
Allied Signal, Inc.
Citation: For outstanding contributions to the design, synthesis, understanding, and application of non-conventional electronic, optical, and energetic materials - from porous silicon to polydiacetylenes, high temperature superconductors, and explosives.
Nominated by: FIAP

John Irwin [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

John Irwin [1996]
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory
Citation: For significant contributions to the research, development and application of modern techniques of nonlinear dynamics to accelerator systems, in particular to electron-positron colliding beam devices.
Nominated by: DPB

Barbara V. Jacak [1996]
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Citation: For her contributions to the development of identified-hadron spectroscopy as a means of probing the space-time evolution of hot hadronic matter formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
Nominated by: DNP

Hans Burkal Jensen [1996]
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Citation: For his leadership in the construction and operation of the CDF experiment, especially its calorimetry.
Nominated by: DPF

James Norman Johnson [1996]
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Citation: In recognition of his pioneering efforts to illuminate the connections between fundamental macro and microscopic properties of real materials and their response to shock waves.
Nominated by: GCCM

Darrell Lynn Judge [1996]
University of Southern California
Citation: For his pioneering work on the fundamental properties of atoms and molecules using selected monochromatic photon excitation and dispersed fluorescence, and their applications in space physics.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Jeffrey Alan Kash [1996]
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center
Citation: For applications of optical techniques to the understanding of elementary excitations in III-V semiconductors and semiconductor structures.
Nominated by: DCMP

Thomas Christos Katsouleas [1996]
University of Southern California
Citation: For original contributions to advanced particle acceleration concepts including the invention of the Surfatron accelerator, and his detailed studies of beam loading and emittance growth in plasma accelerators.
Nominated by: DPB

Jack Dean Kingsley [1996]
General Electric Corporate R&D (retired)
Citation: For sustained excellence in the science and technology of lasers, lighting, television, displays and medical diagnostic imaging equipment.
Nominated by: FIAP

Wayne Harvey Knox [1996]
Bell Laboratories
Citation: For his studies of fundamental physics of ultrafast lasers, development of novel and practical ultrafast lasers, and studies of ultrafast relaxation processes in semiconductors using such lasers.
Nominated by: DLS

Bruce E. Koel [1996]
University of Southern California, Los Angeles
Citation: For important contributions to establishing the fundamentals of chemisorption and chemical reactions on bimetallic and alloy surfaces. His work on ordered intermetallic surfaces has discovered new principles of alloy reactivity.
Nominated by: DCP

John L. Kohl [1996]
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Citation: For benchmark laboratory measurements of atomic parameters of exceptional quality and for conception, development and scientific application of a revolutionary, ultraviolet coronagraph for solar spectroscopy.
Nominated by: DAMOP

James J. Kolata [1996]
University of Notre Dame
Citation: For his overall contributions to nuclear physics and specifically for his work with radioactive beams.
Nominated by: DNP

Vladimir E. Korepin [1996]
State University of New York, Stony Brook
Citation: For contributions to the understanding of strongly correlated electrons through the study of exactly solvable models.
Nominated by: DCMP

Ahmet Refik Kortan [1996]
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Citation: For experimental studies of phase transitions on surfaces, in liquid crystals, and in intercalated systems; and work on new materials such as quasicrystals and fullerenes.
Nominated by: DCMP

Dennis G. Kovar [1996]
U.S. Department of Energy
Citation: For his work on direct reactions, which provided precise spectroscopic information of importance for our understanding of single-particle states near doubly-magic 208Pb, and which established the angular-momentum dependence in heavy-ion transfer reactions.
Nominated by: DNP

Eckhard Krotscheck [1996]
Texas A&M University
Citation: For contributions to the microscopic theory of quantum fluids , films, clusters and mixtures, and the extension of variational methods to inhomogeneous quantum systems.
Nominated by: DCMP

Jaan Laane [1996]
Texas A & M University
Citation: For the development and application of spectroscopic and computational methods for the determination of vibrational potential energy surfaces.
Nominated by: DCP

Steve Keith Lamoreaux [1996]
University of Washington
Citation: For his contributions to the study of fundamental symmetries and precison tests of fundamental physical laws and especially for his contributions to improved experimental limits for the electric dipole moments of the neutron and atoms.
Nominated by: GPMFC

I Yang Lee [1996]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For his leadership and design and implementation of GAMMAsphere, his crucial contributions to the experimental program at GAMMAsphere, and his seminal work on the investigation of the quasi continuum.
Nominated by: DNP

I-Yang Lee [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Paul David Lett [1996]
National Institute of Standards & Technology
Citation: For his seminal contributions to laser cooling and particularly to the study of collisions of laser cooled atoms and the spectroscopy of weakly bound molecules formed in such collisions.
Nominated by: DLS

Barry Franklin Levine [1996]
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Citation: For creation and analysis of novel quantum well infrared photodetectors and theoretical and experimental work in non-linear optics.
Nominated by: DCMP

Walter H. G. Lewin [1996]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Citation: For his outstanding observational work on the time variations and spectra of galactic x-ray sources, and in particular for his studies and interpretations of bursting and pulsating phenomena in binary x-ray sources.
Nominated by: DAP

Michael A. Liberman [1996]
Uppsala University
Citation: For outstanding contributions ranging from laboratory plasma experiments to astrophysical phenomena, particularly in the areas of ionizing shock waves, Z-pinches, flame stability, and laser-produced plasmas.
Nominated by: FIP

Christof Litwin [1996]
University of Wisconsin
Citation: For fundamental contributions in fusion, space and ion diode physics, ranging from ponderomotive force effects on macrostability in tokamaks and mirrors to energy transport in the solar corona.
Nominated by: DPP

William Gregory Lynch [1996]
Michigan State University
Citation: For his pioneering investigations of fragmentation and multifragmentation and his contributions to the understanding of non-equilibrium processes in nuclear collisions.
Nominated by: DNP

Ernest Ma [1996]
University of California, Riverside
Citation: For fundamental contributions to gauge theory models and the phenomenology of electroweak interactions.
Nominated by: DPF

Usha Mallik [1996]
University of Iowa
Citation: For making significant contributions to the field of experimental high energy physics, particularly related to measurements of the J/Psi particle produced from electron-positron and electron-proton collisions.
Nominated by: DPF

Daniel Robert Marlow [1996]
Princeton University
Citation: For important contributions to the physics of rare decays of the K meson, and to the integration of electronics into the design of large detectors.
Nominated by: DPF

Yitzhak Maron [1996]
Weizmann Institute of Science
Citation: For pioneering the employment of novel spectroscopic methods to diagnose the field and plasma properties in pulsed-power systems, including the development of the atomic-physics modeling required for the data analysis.
Nominated by: DPP

Gerard Claude Martinez [1996]
CNRS
Citation: For contributions to our understanding of defects, superconductivity, and other many-body effects in semiconductors under conditions of high pressure and magnetic field.
Nominated by: DCMP

John C. Mather [1996]
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Citation: For his advancement of the science of cosmology through precise measurement of the spectrum of the cosmic microwave background radiation and discovery of the first evidence of primordial density inhomogeneities.
Nominated by: DAP

Robert D. Maurer [1996]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For fundamental studies of the optical properties of glass that led to the fabrication of the first low-loss optical fibers, now used worldwide for long distance telecommunication.
Nominated by: FIAP

Fenton Read McFeely [1996]
IBM Research Division
Citation: For his creative applications of photoemission techniques to the understanding of materials processes, interfaces and electronic structure, including etching and deposition reactions underlying microelectronics technology.
Nominated by: DMP

Michael Raymond Melloch [1996]
Purdue University
Citation: For innovative epitaxial growth of semiconductor epilayers, quantum wells, and superlattices which have led to new materials, novel devices, and important advances in the physics of nanostructures.
Nominated by: DMP

Adrian Lewis Melott [1996]
University of Kansas
Citation: For groundbreaking studies of the origin and evolution of cosmic structure.
Nominated by: DCOMP

Karl L. Merkle [1996]
Argonne National Laboratory
Citation: For his contributions to the basic understanding of radiation-induced defects in solids and internal solid interfaces.
Nominated by: DMP

Roberto Daniel Merlin [1996]
University of Michigan
Citation: For contributions to the understanding of vibrational and electronic properties of semiconducting and magnetic structures, and of artificial quasiperiodic structures.
Nominated by: DCMP

Arthur F. Messiter [1996]
University of Michigan
Citation: For deep physical insight and careful analysis of complex flow problems, especially the formulation of interactive theories of boundary-layer flows at high Reynolds number.
Nominated by: DFD

Peter I. Meszaros [1996]
Pennsylvania State University
Citation: For valuable and influential contributions to the theory of radiation processes near magnetized neutron stars, gamma-ray burst sources, black holes and galaxy formation.
Nominated by: DAP

Hans-Otto Meyer [1996]
Indiana University
Citation: For leadership in advancing the technology to use cooled stored beams and internal targets, which has led to new insights on the role of heavy meson exchange in the nucleon-nucleon force from precise measurements of threshold pion production.
Nominated by: DNP

Pierre Meystre [1996]
University of Arizona
Citation: For seminal contributions to the theory of single-atom interactions with quantized radiation, and particularly for the first theory of micromaser action.
Nominated by: DAMOP

James Anthony Misewich [1996]
IBM T.J. Watson Research Center
Citation: For the development and application of innovative laser techniques to elucidate fundamental problems in molecular dynamics and molecule-surface interactions.
Nominated by: DLS

Frank Edward Moss [1996]
University of Missouri, St Louis
Citation: For elucidating the structure of turbulent superfluid helium and for the discovery of stochastic resonance in sensory biology.
Nominated by: DBIO

Michael J. Murtagh [1996]
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Citation: For significant contributions to the study of neutrino interactions including charm and strange production, elastic scattering of electrons and protons, and neutrino oscillations.
Nominated by: DPF

Harry E. Mynick [1996]
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
Citation: For major contributions to the understanding of transport in toroidal systems, including nonaxisymmetric and turbulent transport of thermal and energetic particles in tokamaks and stellarators.
Nominated by: DPP

Richard Sandor Newrock [1996]
University of Cincinnati
Citation: For application of large Josephson junction arrays to the study of two-dimensional phase transitions.
Nominated by: DCMP

Malcolm F Nicol [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Malcom F. Nicol [1996]
University of California, Los Angeles
Citation: For imaginative and insightful applications of Raman spectroscopy to the physics and chemistry of simple systems at high pressures.
Nominated by: DCP

John E. Northrup [1996]
Xerox PARC
Citation: For insights into the structure and electronic properties of semiconductor surfaces, adsorbates, interfaces and defects through the application of first principles calculations.
Nominated by: DCMP

Martin G. Olsson [1996]
University of Wisconsin, Madison
Citation: For highly significant contributions in hadron phenomenology, especially tests of current algebra and QCD, the properties of quarkonium bound states, and the mechanism of quark confinement.
Nominated by: DPF

Joseph Francis Owens [1996]
Florida State University
Citation: For important contributions to the phenomenology of large momentum transfer processes and the determination of parton distributions.
Nominated by: DPF

Stephen John Parke [1996]
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Citation: For novel insights into resonant neutrino oscillation and for the introduction of supersymmetric methods in the evaluation of multiparton scattering amplitudes.
Nominated by: DPF

Thomas Perine Pearsall [1996]
University of Washington
Citation: For seminal contributions to the InGaAsP alloy system, a material used in the emitter and detector components of optical fibre communication links.
Nominated by: FIAP

Y-K Martin Peng [1996]
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Citation: For the development of the low aspect ratio "spherical" tokamak concept.
Nominated by: DPP

E Sterl Phinney [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

E. Sterl Phinney [1996]
California Institute of Technology
Citation: For his contributions to our understanding of black-hole electrodynamics, AGNs and quasars, binary and millisecond pulsars, and globular cluster dynamics; and his method for measuring the intergalactic magnetic field.
Nominated by: DAP

Steven Charles Pieper [1996]
Argonne National Laboratory
Citation: For outstanding work in developing computational techniques to address important problems in nuclear physics, in particular to address problems in the many-body theory of nuclei and direct nuclear reactions.
Nominated by: DNP

Frederick E. Pinkerton [1996]
General Motors R&D Center
Citation: For his research on the physics of rare earth-transition metal materials and his contributions to the establishment of a commercial permanent magnet technology.
Nominated by: FIAP

Anil Kumar Pradhan [1996]
Ohio State University
Citation: For outstanding contributions to the theory of electron-impact excitation of atoms and ions, providing accurate and important atomic data, and for the application of that data to the study of fusion, solar and astrophysical plasmas.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Calvin F. Quate [1996]
Stanford University
Citation: For his co-creation of atomic force microscopy, his inventive developments of applications of scanning probe microscopies, and his critical role in bringing the technologies to industrial and academic use.
Nominated by: FIAP

Anatoly V. Radyushkin [1996]
Old Dominion University and Jefferson Laboratory
Citation: For pioneering studies of exclusive processes in quantum chromodynamics and applications of QCD sum rules to hadronic form factors.
Nominated by: DPF

Miriam H Rafailovich [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Miriam H. Rafailovich [1996]
State University of New York, Stony Brook
Citation: For insightful studies on the interfacial behavior of polymers
Nominated by: DPOLY

Nicholas Read [1996]
Yale University
Citation: For contributions to the quantum many-body theory of strongly interacting electron systems, particularly to the theory of the Quantum Hall Effect.
Nominated by: DCMP

Marion B. Reine [1996]
Lockheed Martin IR Imag Lockheed Martin
Citation: For technical leadership in the design and development of innovative photoconductive and photovoltaic HgCdTe devices for advanced infrared detectors.
Nominated by: FIAP

Hanna Reisler [1996]
University of Southern California
Citation: For pioneering research on photon-induced processes in gaseous molecules, including photodissociation, unimolecular decomposition, and collision-induced dissociation.
Nominated by: DCP

Gregory Rewoldt [1996]
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
Citation: For his authorship of comprehensive codes for linear toroidal eigenmodes with realistic geometry and kinetic effects and his extensive contributions to the understanding of microinstabilities in tokamaks.
Nominated by: DCOMP

Jeffrey D. Richman [1996]
University of California, Santa Barbara
Citation: For contributions to our knowledge of B-meson decays, especially the semileptonic decays used to measure the parameters of the quark-mixing matrix.
Nominated by: DPF

Charles Steven Rosenblatt [1996]
Case Western Reserve University
Citation: For his use of intense magnetic and electric fields in the study of liquid crystals and other soft materials.
Nominated by: DMP

Thomas Roser [1996]
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Citation: For contributions to the accelerator physics of polarized proton beams, in particular the successful demonstration of the principle of the Partial Siberian Snake.
Nominated by: DPB

Lewis Josiah Rothberg [1996]
AT&T Bell Laboratories
Citation: For pioneering work furthering applications and manufacturing approaches of organic electronics through fundamental understanding of organic photophysics and transport.
Nominated by: FIAP

Miquel Batalle Salmeron [1996]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For contributions to the development of scanning probe methods and theoretical models for surface science, and for novel dynamics of surface processes.
Nominated by: DCMP

Jonathan Robert Sapirstein [1996]
Notre Dame University
Citation: For contributions of fundamental importance to QED theory in atoms, and atomic physics tests of parity nonconservation.
Nominated by: GPMFC

Robert Max Schmidt [1996]
Boeing Defense & Space Group
Citation: For seminal research that demonstrated the dominant influence of gravity on cratering phenomena and applications to impact cratering of planets and to missile basing: and for spacecraft protection simulation techniques.
Nominated by: FIAP

Horst Werner Schmidt-Boecking [1996]
University of Frankfort
Citation: For pioneering work in the development of new devices to study multiparameter cross sections in atomic interactions.
Nominated by: FIP

Kenneth Steven Schweizer [1996]
University of Illinois
Citation: For the pioneering development of microscopic liquid-state theories of the structure, thermodynamics, phase transitions, and dynamics of polymer fluids.
Nominated by: DPOLY

Robert F. Sekerka [1996]
Carnegie Mellon University
Citation: For outstanding and significant contributions to the theory of cyrstal growth, especially for explaining the role of morphological instabilities.
Nominated by: DMP

Gerald H. Share [1996]
Naval Research Laboratory
Citation: For his important gamma-ray line observations of the products of nucleosynthesis, which have advanced our understanding of the production rates and distribution of galactic nucleosynthesis.
Nominated by: DAP

Edward V. Shuryak [1996]
State University of New York, Stony Brook
Citation: For his seminal contributions to the study of the quark-gluon plasma.
Nominated by: DNP

Wesley Harold Smith [1996]
University of Wisconsin, Madison
Citation: For systematic investigation of the structure of hadrons using muon, neutrino and electron deep inelastic scattering and for electronic innovations to detector design.
Nominated by: DPF

Johanna Barbara Stachel [1996]
State University of New York, Stony Brook
Citation: For providing compelling evidence that a hot and dense, nearly equilibrated, fireball is formed in the AGS relativistic heavy ion reactions.
Nominated by: DNP

Paul H. Steen [1996]
Cornell University
Citation: For major contributions to interfacial and nonlinear dynamics.
Nominated by: DFD

James H. Stith [1996]
Ohio State University
Citation: For his contributions to physics education on both a national and international scale, especially in the areas of educational standards and assessment, and with regard to involvement of minorities in physics education.
Nominated by: FED

Arthur Marshall Stoneham [1996]
London Imperial College
Citation: For seminal and extensive contributions to the theory of defects and defect processes in solids through research articles and books, and for the promotion of physics research through effective management.
Nominated by: DMP

Marshall Stoneham [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Laurance J. Suter [1996]
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Citation: For pioneering work and leadership in the design, modeling, and analysis of experiments using laser heated hohlraums that quantify and control x-ray drive, symmetry, and pulse shaped implosions.
Nominated by: DPP

Peter Charles Tandy [1996]
Kent State University
Citation: For significant contributions to the study of composite particles in nuclear and particle physics.
Nominated by: GFB

John Joseph Taylor [1996]
Electric Power Research Institute (retired)
Citation: For leadership in developing safer reactors, especially the concept of small, passive designs; and for contributions to disposition of plutonium from dismantled nuclear weapons.
Nominated by: FPS

Ctirad Uher [1996]
University of Michigan
Citation: For studies of the low temperature properties of semimetals, metallic multilayers, magnetic superlattices, and high temperature superconductors.
Nominated by: DCMP

John Unguris [1996]
National Institute of Standards & Technology
Citation: For the development of experimental methods using polarized electrons applied to studies of surface multilayer magnetism.
Nominated by: DCMP

Sukekatsu Ushioda [1996]
Tohoku University
Citation: For his contributions to the Raman spectroscopy of surface excitations, and the elucidation of light emission mechanisms from tunneling electrons.
Nominated by: FIP

Marthe Bacal Verney [1996]
Laboratoire de Physique des Millieu
Citation: For her study of negative ion production in hydrogen plasma and the associated development of laser photodetachment diagnostics, and for the development of the volume H- source for neutral beam injection and other applications.
Nominated by: DPP

Oscar Edgardo Vilches [1996]
University of Washington
Citation: For studies of adsorbed monolayer and multilayer films of isotopes of helium and hydrogen.
Nominated by: DCMP

Petr Vogel [1996]
California Institute of Technology
Citation: For his innovative theoretical work in double-beta decay and in neutrino interactions, including his definitive calculations of reactor neutrino spectra.
Nominated by: DNP

Robert M. Wald [1996]
Enrico Fermi Institute
Citation: For his contributions to the understanding of classical and quantum gravity; especially for his seminal role in the development of a rigorous basis for quantum field theory in curved spacetime.
Nominated by: DGRAV

Gwo-Ching Wang [1996]
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Citation: For her contributions to the fundamental understanding of ordering and scaling in surfaces and overlayers, and for her pioneering work in ultrathin-film magnetic scaling.
Nominated by: DMP

Bernard Allen Weinstein [1996]
State University of New York, Buffalo
Citation: For applications of the diamond anvil cell to semiconductor physics, and experimental studies of the effects of pressure on vibrational, optical, and phase-transition phenomena in semiconductors.
Nominated by: DCMP

Rainer Weiss [1996]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Citation: For his pioneering work in the development of laser-interferometric detectors for gravitational radiation, and his contributions to the study of the spectrum and anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background.
Nominated by: DGRAV

Michael Widom [1996]
Carnegie Mellon University
Citation: For theoretical contributions to our understanding of quasicrystals and the role played by disorder in their stabilization.
Nominated by: DCMP

Hartmut Zabel [1996]
Ruhr Universitä Bochum
Citation: For his seminal contributions to our understanding of the structure and dynamics of hydrogen-metal systems, graphite intercalation compounds and magnetic metallic multilayers.
Nominated by: DMP

George B Zimmerman [1996]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

George B. Zimmerman [1996]
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Citation: For his creation, and subsequent development, of the LASNEX simulation code, which has been used extensively to guide the development of the National ICF program from its inception, to this day.
Nominated by: DCOMP