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Enea Frascati CERN CINVESTAV-IPN CNEA CNR-SPIN Chieti CNRS CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique CNRS/CEA/University Paris-Saclay CSIC - Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas CSIRO - Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CUNY - Baruch College CUNY - Brooklyn College CUNY - Hunter College CUNY - Lehman College CUNY - Queens College CUNY-CSI California Institute of Technology California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo California State Polytechnic University, Pomona California State University California State University, Dominguez Hill California State University, East Bay California State University, Fullerton California State University, Long Beach Caltech Calvin College Carleton University Carnegie Institute Carnegie Mellon University Carthage College Case Western Reserve University Catholic University of America Center for Photonics and Smart Materials (CPSM), Zewail City of Science and Technology, Egypt Center for Solar-Terrestrial Physics Central Intelligence Agency Centre for Gravitational Astrophysics, Research Schools of Physics, and Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN Chalk River Laboratories Chalmers University of Technology Chappaqua, New York Charles University Chemstrand Research Center Chevron Research Company Chevron Science Center Chicago State University China Lake, California Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese University of Hong Kong City College of New York City College of New York & Graduate Center CUNY City University of Hong Kong Ciudad University Clarckson College Clarckson College of Technology Clark Atlanta University Clark University Clarkson University Clemson University Cleveland Clinic Cleveland Heights, Ohio Colgate University College de France College of William & Mary College of Wooster College of the Holy Cross Colorado College Colorado School of Mines Colorado State University Columbia University Consolidated Electric Cooperative Consulting Engineer Consulting in the Public Interest Consumer Reports Copenhagen, Denmark Cornell University Corning West Technology Center Cosmos Club Creatv MicroTech Inc Culver City, California Curie Institute Curtin University DESY DESY - Center for Free-Electron Laser Science DESY / RWTH Aachen University DLR - German Aerospace Research EST DOE Office of High Energy Physics Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology Dallas, Texas Daly City, California Dankook University Daresbury Laboratory Dartmouth College Davidson College DePaul University Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Delft University of Technology Delphi Corporation Research Labs Delphi Electric and Safety Delphi Research Laboratories Denison University Denmark Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science Department of Energy Department of Engineering, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli" Department of Homeland Security Department of Molecular Biophysics & Physiology Department of Physics & Astronomy, Haverford College Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA Department of State Detroit Edison Company Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY Dickinson College Dongguk University Donostia International Physics Center Douglas Advanced Research Laboratories Dow Chemical Company Dow Corning Corporation Drake University Dresher, Pennsylvania Drexel University Du Bois, Pennsylvania DuPont Corporation DuPont Rayon Company Duke University Duquesne University Durham University Durham, North Carolina D|sseldorf Universitaet E.I. duPont de Nemours EITU ENS de Lyon EPFL EPFL - Lausanne ESSA Research Laboratories ETH Honggerberg ETH Zurich ETH Zürich EURATOM/Culham Centre for Fusion Energy East Carolina University East Lansing, Michigan Eastern Michigan University Eastern Washington University Eastman Eastman Kodak Company Eastman Research Laboratory Ecole Centrale de Lyon Ecole Normale Superieure Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon Ecole Normale Supérieure Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris and University of California at Los Angeles Ecole Polytechnique Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles Eindhoven University of Technology Electric Power Research Institute Electric Power Research Institute (retired) Electrical Engineer Electron-atom Company Element Aero Elmira, New Yrok Emory University Encino California Energetics Technology Center Enrico Fermi Institute Eotvos University, Hungary Eppley Laboratory Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Eugene F. Merkert Chemistry Center European Spallation Source European Synchroton Rad Fac European Synchrotron Radiation Facility Evtvvs Lorand Tudomanyegyetem (Hungary) Exa Corporation Exploratorium Exxon Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Exxon Research & Engineering Company ExxonMobil Research & Engineering Co ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company F.O.R.T.H. Inst. For Elec. Struct & Lase FOM Institute AMOLF FORTH and University of Crete Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg Faculti des Sciences, France Fahy, Stephen Bernard Federal Institute of Technology Zurich Federal University of Minas Gerais Federation of American Scientists Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory Fermilab Finnish Society of Science and Letters Firestone First Point Scientific, Inc First Solar, LLC Fixed Nitrogen Research Laboratory Flannery Bolt Company Flinders University Flinders University of South Australia Florida A&M University Florida Atlantic University Florida Institute of Technology Florida International University Florida State University Ford Motor Company Fordham University Forrestal Research Center Fort Baldwin Fort Belvoir Foundation for Research & Technology - Hellas Frankford Arsenal Franklin & Marshall College Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) Friedrich Schiller University Jena Fritz-Haber-Institut Fudan University Fusion Energy Institute GANIL GE Corporate Research and Development, New York GE Global Research GE Research GM Research and Development Center GSI Darmstadt GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH GSI, Darmstadt, Germany General Atomic General Atomics General Atomics - San Diego General Cable Corporation General Dynamics General Electric General Electric Company General Electric Corp. R & D General Electric Corp. R&D Center General Electric Corporate R&D (retired) General Electric R&D Center General Electric R& D Laboratories General Electric Research Laboratory General Mills Electric General Motors Corporation General Motors R & D Center General Motors R&D Center General Motors Research Laboratories General Motors Research and Development Center General Research Corporation Geophysical Laboratory Geophysical Research Geophysical Research Corporation Georg August Universitaet Georg Mason University Georg-August Universitaet George Mason University George Washington University Georgetown University Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Southern University Georgia State University Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung Goettingen Goodrich Grand Accel Natl d'ions Lourds Griffith University Gujarat University Gulf R&D Company Gulf Research Laboratory HRL Laboratories Hahn-Meitner Inst Berlin Hampshire College Hampton University Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road, Jhusi, Allahabad 211019, India Harris Corporation Harvard College Observatory Harvard Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Harvard University Harvard University / Bosch Research Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics Hauptman-Woodward Medical Research Haverford College Hebrew University of Jerusalem Heidelberg University Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Helsinki Helsinki University of Technology Hercules Powder Heriot-Watt Univ Hewlett-Packard Laboratories High Energy Accelerator Research Organization High Voltage Energy Corporation High-Voltage Engineering Hitachi Research Center, San Jose Hitachi San Jose Research Center Hitachi, Ltd. Hofstra University Hoizons Incorporated Hokkaido University Holon Institute of Technology Honda Research Instittute Honeywell Incorporated Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong Polytechnic University Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Hope College Houston University Howard University Hudson Laboratories Hughes Aircraft Hughes Research Laboratories Hughes Research Laboratories, LLC Hungarian Academy of Science Hunter College Huntington Memorial Hospital Huntsville, Alabama Hygrade Sylvania Corporation IAC-CNR IAC/NRC IBM IBM Almaden Research Center IBM Monterey, California IBM Quantum IBM Research IBM Research Center IBM Research Division IBM Research Europe – Zurich IBM Research Laboratory IBM Research, R|schlikon IBM Semiconductor Research Department IBM T J Watson Research Center IBM T.J. Watson Research Center IBM Thomas J Watson Research Center IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center IBM Zurich Research Laboratory IBM and Florida Atlantic University IBM at Yorktown Heights IBM, San Jose ICFO – The Institute of Photonic Sciences ICFO-The Institute of Photonic Sciences ICREA and the Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2) IFLTSIB IFP - Forschungszentrum IFUNAM IFW Dresden, Germany IMDEA Nanoscience, Madrid (Spain) IMG Domaine Universitaire INFN INFN Lab Natl of Frascati INFN, Pisa Branch, Physics Department INFN-Frascati Rome INRS - Energie et Materiaux IRT Corporation ITER Organization Idaho Falls, Idaho Idaho National English Laboratory Idaho Nuclear Corporation Ikerbasque Foundation and University of the Basque Country, Spain Illinois Inst of Tech Illinois Institute of Technology Illinois State University Illinois Wesleyan University ImmunogenX Imperial College Imperial College London Imperial University, Tokyo Independent Geophysics Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Center for Advanced Materials Indian Institute of Science Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur Indiana University Indiana University -Purdue University Indiana University Bloomington Indiana University and Purdue University Indiana University, Bloomington Indiana University-Purdue University Inforex Inc. Inha Univ InnerProduct Partners Inst de Recherche d'Hydro Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique Institut Non-Lineaire de Nice University of Nic Institut d'Optique Graduate School Institut de Ciencia de Materials de Barcelona - CSIC Institut de Fisica Institut de Mathématiques et de Sciences Physiques Institut de Mecanique des Fuides de Toulouse Institut der Max-Planck Gesellschaf Institut fur Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Germany Institut fur Gravitationsphysik Institut fur Theoretische Physik, Germany Institut fur Theoretishe Physik der Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg Institut non Lineaire Institute Charles Sadron Institute De Optica, CSIC, Spain Institute For Low Temperature Physics Institute Nazionale Ottica Institute fer Kernphysik Darmstadt Institute for Advanced Study Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton Institute for Aerospace Research, Canada Institute for Defense Analysis Institute for Energy & Environmental Research Institute for Experimental Physics Institute for Nanoscale Physics & Chemistry Institute for Nuclear Physics, Germany Institute for Physical Problems Institute for Plasma Research Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, India Institute for Science and International Security Institute for Semiconductor Physics Institute for Solid State Research Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow Institute of Advance Technology Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics & Dept of Physics Institute of High Energy Physics Institute of Microstructural Sciences Institute of Paper Chemistry Institute of Physics Institute of Physics, Taiwan Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam Institute of Science and Technology Austria Institute von Laue-Langevin Instituto Nazionale di Fisica della Materia, Trieste, Italy Instituto Superior Tecnico Instituto Superior Tecnico, Portugal Instituto Superior Técnico Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon Instituto de Ciencias Físicas Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares Instituto de Fisica Instituto de Fisica, UNICAMP Instituto de Magnetismo Aplicado, Spain Instituto de Microelectronica de Madrid, Spain Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza) Inter University Centre for Astronomy & Astrophysics International Bureau of Weights and Measures International Centre for Theoretical Physics International SEMATECH International School for Advanced Studies, Trieste, Italy Invex Corporation Inyokern Iolon, Inc., California Ion Beam Applications Iowa State Iowa State College Iowa State University Israel Institute of Technology JET Joint Undertaking JILA JILA, University of Colorado JILS JJ Thomson Physical Laboratory JNL Scientific JQI/QuICS, NIST/University of Maryland Jaeger Enterprises Jagellonian University Jagiellonian University James Cook University James Franck Institute Japan Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jefferson Lab Jefferson Lab, Center for Advanced Studies of Accelerators Jefferson Lab, Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility Jefferson Laboratory Jet Propulsion Laboratory Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe University Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz Johannes Kepler University John Carroll University Johns Hopkins University Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Justus Liebig University Giessen K.V.I. Groningen KAIST KIPAC KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for P.C. Kalamazoo College Kamerlingh Onnes Lab Kansas State University Katholieke University of Leuven Keio Univ Keio University Kennecott Copper Corporation Kent State University Kenyon College Kildare Corporation Kinema Research & Software LLC King Abdullah Univ King Abdullah University of Science & Technology King Abdullah University of Science & Technology (KAUST) Kings College Knoxville, Tennessee Kodak Kodak Research Laboratories Korad Corporation Korea Adv Inst of Sci & Tech Korea Advance Institute of Science & Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Krako, Poland Krasnow Institute for Advanced Study Kumamoto University Kungliga Tek Hogskolan KTH Kyoto Institute of Technology Kyoto University Kyushu University L'École Normale Supérieure LIGO Hanford Observatory LIGO Hanford Observatory, California Institute of Technology LMM/UPMC LPCNO INSA-CNRS-UPS Toulouse, France LPEM-ESPCI Lab de Phys ENS Lab for Physical Sciences Laboratoire Aime Cotton Laboratoire Charles Fabry, France Laboratoire FAST Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique, Palaiseau, France Laboratoire de Chimie Physique Laboratoire de Physique des Millieu Laboratory des Collisions Atomiques et Moleculaires Laboratory for Laser Energetics Laboratory of Hautes Pressions Lafayette. Indiana Lagos University, Nigeria Lahore Lamont Lancaster University Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics Langley Memorial Laboratory Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory Hanford Observatory Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory Livingston Observatory Laval University Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Lawrence Livermore National Lab Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Lawrence Radiation Laboratory Lawrence University Lebanon Valley College Lebedev Physics Institute Leeds and Northrup Company Lehigh University Lehman College Leiden University Lennox Lauchlan Libbey Owens Ford Glass Company Lincoln Linfield College Linkoping University Linkoping University, Norrkoping Lockheed Company Lockheed Martin Lockheed Martin IR Imag Lockheed Martin Lockheed Missiles and Space Company Lockheed Research Laboratories Lodestar Research Corporation London Center for Nanotechnology London Imperial College Long Island University Loomis Laboratory Lord Corporation Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Center Los Alamos Science Laboratory Los Alamos, New Mexico Loughborough University Louisiana State University Lowell Institute of Technology Loyola University Lucent Technologies Ludwig Maximilians University Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitat Munchen Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Lund University Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology and University of Luxembourg M. J. Murdock Charitable Trust MESA+ Institute, University of Twente MGH/Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging MIT MIT Plasma Science & Fusion Center MPI for Dynamics & Self-Organization Macronix International Co., Ltd Madison Madison, Wisconsin Magnetic Metals Company Mallinckrodt Institute Manitoba University Marquette University Mary Hardin-Baylor College Massachusetts General Hospital Massachusetts Institute of Technology Massachusetts Institute of Technology Lincoln Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology MIT Massachusetts Institute of Technology National Magnet Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Union of Concerned Scientists Materials Science Institute of Madrid, ICMM-CSIC Max Born Institute Max Planck Inst Max Planck Inst Kernphys Max Planck Institute Max Planck Institute (MPI-IE Freiburg) Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics (Albert Einstein Institute) Max Planck Institute for Medical Research Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Max Planck Institute fur Plasmaphysik Max Planck Institute fur Quantenoptik Max Planck Institute of Microstructure P Max Planck Institute of Microstructure Physics Max Planck Institute of Plasma Physics Max Planck Institute, Gesellschaft Max Planck Institute, Kernphys Max Planck Institute, Stuttgart Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik Max-Planck-Instituteitut für Kernphysik Maxwell Laboratories Incoporated Mayer Appl Res Inc Mayo Clinic McGill University McLean, Virginia McMaster University Medical College of Virginia Mellon Institute Memorial Hospital Menlo Park, California Miami University Michael and Cecilia Ibru University Michelson Laboratory Michigan Molecular Instittue Michigan State University Michigan Technological University MicroContinuum, Inc MicroOptical Corp Microsoft Microsoft Quantum Middlebury College Midwest Research Institute Mie University Mills College Mississippi State University Missouri University of Science and Technology Modena University Monash University Mond Nickel Company Monsanto Research Corporation Montana State College Montana State University Morgan State University Motorola, Inc Mounf Laboratory Mount Holyoke College Mount Kisco, New York Mount Sinai School of Medicine Mount Wilson Observatory Mountain View, California Multiplex INC Murdoch University Murray State University Murrysville, Pennsylvania N.A.A. Corporation NASA NASA Ames Research Center NASA Glenn Research Center NASA Goddard Space Flight Center NASA Headquarters NASA Langley Research Center NASA Marshall Space Flight Center NASA/Langley Res Ctr NBS NBS, Washington NEC Corporation (Japan) NEC Fundamental Research Lab. NEC Research Institute NEXX Systems, Inc NIOSH - The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health NIST -Natl Institute of Stds & Tech NIST/JILA NIST/University of Colorado/J.I.L.A. NOAA NOAA, Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory NORDITA NRC of Canada NREL NRL NSAS/Langley Research Center NTT Basic Research Labs Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan Nagoya University Nanjing University Nanogune, Ikerbasque (Spain) and U Cambridge (UK) Nanyang Technological University Nanyang Technological University, Singapore National Academy of Sciences National Aeronautics and Space Administration Goddard Space Flight Center National Astronomical Observatory & Dept of Astronomy Grad School of Science National Bureau of Standards National Bureau of Standards, Boulder National Cancer Institute National Center for Atmospheric Research National Center for Physics National Center of Atmospheric Research National Central University National Chemical Laboratory National Cheng Kung University National High Magnetic Field Lab National High Magnetic Field Lab and Florida State University National High Magnetic Field Laboratory National Institute for Fusion Science, Nagoya University National Institute for Materials Science, Japan National Institute of Health National Institute of Informatics National Institute of Natural Science National Institute of Science Education and Research National Institute of Standards & Technology National Institute of Standards & Technology National Institute of Standards and Technology National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) National Institute of Standards and Technology - Boulder National Institute of Standards and Technology - Gaithersburg National Institute of Standards; Technology National Institutes of Health National Optical Astronomy Observatory National Radio Astronomy Observatory National Renewable Energy Laboratory National Research Center, Canada National Research Council National Research Council of Canada National Research Council of Italy National Research Fellow National Research Foundation/iThemba LABS National Research Laboratory National Research Laboratory, Washington D.C. National Science Foundation National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center National Taiwan Normal University National Taiwan University National Tsing Hua University National Tsing Hua University – Taiwan National Univ of Singapore National University of Singapore Naval Ordnance Lab Naval Ordnance Laboratory Naval Postgraduate School Naval Research Laboratory Naval Research Labratory Naval Surface Warfare Center Naval Underwater System Center Navy Mine Defense Laboratory New Delhi, India New Hampshire University New Jersey Institute of Technology New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology New Mexico State University New Netherland Institute New York Air Brake Company New York Hospital New York University Newcastle University Newcomb College Newport Beach, California Niels Bohr Institute, Denmark Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen Nion Co. No company provided North American Aviation Science Center North American Rockwell North Carolina A&T State University North Carolina State College North Carolina State University North Caroline State College North Central College Northeastern Illinois University Northeastern University Northern Illinois Univ. and Fermi National Accelerator Lab Northern Illinois University Northrop Corporation Northrop Corporation Laboratories Northwestern University Northwestern University and Argonne Naional Laboratory Norwegian University of Science & Technology Norwegian University of Science and Technology Not available Notre Dame Notre Dame University Nottingham Trent University Nova Photonic, Inc. Nuclear Research Center - Negev Nuclear Science Institute(ICE) Oak Ridge National Lab Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oakland University Occidental College Office of Naval Research Office of Policy and International Affairs Office of Secretary of War Official Naval Reserve Ohio State University Ohio University Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Oklahoma State University Old Dominion University Old Dominion University and Jefferson Laboratory Olin College of Engineering Oregon Health Sciences University Oregon State Oregon State College Oregon State University Osaka University Owens-Illinois Technology Center Oxford University Oxford University, UK and Weizmann Institute, Israel P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute PMMH-ESPCI PPMD-ESPCI PTB PUGWASH Pacific Lutheran University Pacific Naval Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Palo Alto Research Center Palo Alto, California Paris Sorbonne University Paris University Paris-Sud University. LURE Laboratory Pasadena, California Paul Sabatier University Paul Scherrer Institute Peekskill, New York Peking University Pennsylvania State College Pennsylvania State Univ Pennsylvania State University Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Philco Corporation Philipps University Marburg Philipps University, Marburg Philipps-Universitat Marburg, Germany Philips Laboratories Physical Technical Institute Physics Department, Emory University Physics of Nanodevices Group Physik Institute, Zurich Physik-Tech Bundesanstalt Physikal Instit IIA Pierre and Marie Curie University Pisa University Plasma Naval Research Lab Plasma Physics Lab Plasma Research Lab Pleasantville, New York Pohang Univ of Sci & Tech Pohang University of Science & Technology Pohang University of Science and Technology Polish Acad of Sci Polish Academy of Sciences Polo Scientifico -LENS Polytechnic Institute Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute of Leningrad Polytechnic University Polytechnique Montréal Pomona College Pontif Univ Catolica de Chile Pontif University Catolica de Chile Pontificia Universidad Catolica Portland State University Pratt Institute Preston Laboratories Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory Princeton University Princeton University & Institut Pasteur Princeton, New Jersey Procure Treatment Centers Inc Professional Electrical Engineering Public Health Service Purdue University QuTech and Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology QuantTera Queen Mary & Westfield College Queen Mary University of London Queen's University Queen's University, Northern Ireland Queen's University, United Kingdom Queen's University Queen's University of Belfast Queens College CUNY Queens Univ of Belfast R&R Data Services R.U. Groningen RAND Corporation RCA Laboratories RCA Laboratories, Princeton RCA Manufacturing RCA Manufacturing Company RCA Switzerland RIAS RIKEN RIKEN - Saitama RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science RIKEN, Saitama RIKEN, Wako-shi RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Aerodynamics Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University Radboud University Nijmegen Radio Corporation of America Raman Research Institute Raytheon Company Raytheon Research Division Raytheon Systems Company Reed College Renmin University of China Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Research Analysis Corporation Research Corporation Research Corporation for Science Advancement Retired Reynolds Metal Company Rice Institute Rice University Ridgecrest, California Rive University Rochester Institute of Technology Rockefeller Institute Rockefeller University Rockwell International Rockwell Science Center Rollins College Roswell Park Institute Rovira i Virgili University Rowan University Royal Inst of Tech Royal Institute of Technology Royal Military College of Canada Royal Miltary College, Ontario Ruhr Univ Bochum Ruhr Universitat Bochum Ruhr University Bochum Ruhr Universitä Bochum Ruhr-Univeersitaet Bochum Russian Academy of Sciences Rutgers University Rutherford Appleton Laboratory S. N. Bose Nat Ctr Basic Sci S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences SISSA SLAC SLAC - National Accelerator Laboratory SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory SNOLAB SOITEC/USA SRI International SUNY at Stony Brook Saarland University Saclay Nuclear Research Center, CEA Saint Mary's University Saint Michael's College Saint Peter's College Saint-Gobain Salk Institute for Biological Studies Samsung SDS San Diego, California San Francisco State University San Jose State University San Mateo, California Sandia Corporation Sandia National Laboratories Sandia National Laboratories California Sandia National Laboratory Santa Ana, California Santa Fe Alliance for Science Santa Fe Institute Sao Paulo University Sapienza Universita di Roma Sarnoff Corporation Schlumberger - Doll Research Schlumberger Doll Research Schlumberger-Doll Res Ctr Schlumberger-Doll Research School of Aeronautics, Madrid, Spain School of Physics and Nanotechnology, YachayTech, Ecuador Sci & Tech Mgmt Asso Science And Technology Advisor to Senator Domenici Science Applications International Corp Science Applications International Corporation Science Univesity of Tokyo Scotia, New York Scripps Institution Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanz Scuola Normale Superiore Seagate Research, Pennsylvania Seagate Technology LLC, Pennsylvania Seattle Pacific University Seattle University Seoul National University Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanxi University Sharif Univ of Tech Shell Shell Development Company Signal Corporations Laboratories Silver Spring, Maryland Simon Fraser University Sinclair, Maine Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology Sloane Physics Laboratory Smith Coll Smith College Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory Smithsonian Inst Smithsonian Institute Smithsonian Institution Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum Soltan Institute for Nuclear Studies Somar Development, USN Sonoma State University Sorbonne University Soreq NRC South Dakota School of Mines and Technology Southern Illinois University Southern Methodist University Southern Nazarene University Southern University and A&M College Southern University and A&M College Southern University of Science and Technology Southwest Research Institute Southwest Texas Junior College Space Radiation Effects Laboratory Space Telescope Science Institute Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Sperry Gyroscope Company Sperry Rand Sperry Rand Research Center Sprague Electric Springer-Verlag Sri International St. John's University (Minnesota) St. Johns College St. Olaf College Stalder Tech & Reserch Standard Oil Company Stanford Linear Accelerator Center Stanford Research Institute Stanford Univ - Ginzton Lab Stanford University Stanford University Medical School Stanford, California State College of Pennsylvania State College of Washington State University College State University of New York State University of New York - Buffalo State University of New York - Geneseo State University of New York - Stony Brook State University of New York, Albany State University of New York, Buffalo State University of New York, Stony Brook Steacie Institute Steven Institute of Technology Stevens Institute of Technology Stockholm University Stony Brook University Stony Brook University (formerly BNL) Stony Brook University and Brookhaven National Laboratory Summit, New Jersey Swarthmore College Swinburne University of Technology Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich Sylvania Lighting Center Sylvania Research Laboratories Syracuse University TECHNION TJ Watson Research Laboratory TRIUMF TRIUMF & University of British Columbia TU Dresden Tata Institute of Fundamental Research TeachSpin Inc. Tech Univ Muenchen Tech Univ of Denmark Tech University Darmstadt Tech-X Corp Technical University of Berlin Technical University of Darmstadt Technical University of Denmark Technical University of Dortmund Technical University of Muenchen Technical University of Munich Technical University of Vienna Technion Technion – Israel Institute of Technology Technion, Israel Institute of Technology Technische Hochschule Technische Universitaet Braunschweig Technische Universitaet Darmstadt, Germany Technische Universitat Technische Universitat Darmstadt Technische Universitat Munchen Technische Universiteit Eindhoven Technische Universität Darmstadt Technische Universität Ilmenau, Germany Tel Aviv University Temple Hills, Maryland Temple University Tennessee State University Tennessee Wesleyan College Texas A & M University Texas A&M University Texas A&M University, College Station Texas A&M University, Commerce Texas A&M University Texas Instruments Texas Instruments Inc. Texas Instruments Incorporated Texas Tech University Texas Technical University The Ames Laboratory The Chinese University of Hong Kong The Claremont Colleges The College of Wooster, Ohio The Flinders University of South Australia The Franklin Institute The Franklin Institute - Philadelphia, PA The G. I. Brudker Institute The George Washington University The Hertz Foundation The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology The Institute of Photonic Sciences The Kastler Brossel Laboratory - Département de Physique de l'Ecole The Kavli Foundation The New Jersey Zinc Company The Ohio State University The Pennsylvania State University The Queen's University, UK The Rice Institute The Salk Institute The Solvay Process Company The University of Aizu The University of Akron The University of Auckland The University of Chicago The University of Chicago, Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering The University of Edinburgh The University of Hong Kong The University of Iowa The University of Manchester, UK The University of Michigan The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill The University of Sydney The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley The University of Texas at Arlington The University of Texas at Austin The Weizmann Institute The Weizmann Institute of Science, Israel Theoretical Physics Institute Therma-Wave Inc Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility and Old Dominion University Tohoku University Tokai University Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo University of Science Tokyo, Japan Trinity College Troy, New York Tsinghua University Tufts University Tulane University Turin University, Italy U. California, Davis U. S. Dept. of Energy U. Witwatersrand U.S Dept of History U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Department of Energy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology U.S. Naval Research Laboratory UCLA UCLouvain UCS/MIT UKAEA Fusion Culham Science Center, England UMBC UMIST UNAM, Mexico UNESCO - Iran Office UNSW Sydney US Air Force Academy US Arms Control & Disarmament Agcy US Arms Control & Disarmament Agncy US Army Missile Command US Army Research Devevelpment & Engineering Command US Army Research Laboratory US Naval Academy US State Dept USN PG School USN Radiological Laboratory USRA - Univ Space Research Assoc USSR Academy of Sciences UTD NanoTech Institute UVTECH Assoc Union Carbide Research Institute Union College Union of Concerned Scientists United Aircraft United States Army Electronics Command United States Army Research Laboratory United States Army Research Office United States Bureau of Chemistry and Soils United States Bureau of Mines United States Department of Justice United States Naval Research Laboratory United States Navy United States Nuclear Regulatory Committee United States Office of the Secretary of Defense United States Patent and Trademark Office United States Rubber United Tech Research Center Universidad Autonoma de Madrid Universidad Carlos III de Madrid Universidad Complutense de Madrid Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Universidad Nacional de Cordoba Universidad de Barcelona Universidad de Cantabria Universidad de Sevilla Universidad de Zaragoza Universidad del Pais Vasco Universidad del Valle Universidade Estadual de Campinas Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Universit of Nijmegen Universita degli Studi di Pisa Universita degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata Universita di Camerino Universita di Palermo Universita di Salerno Universita di Trieste Universita di Udine Universita' di Camerino, Italy Universitaet Duisburg-Essen Universitaet Goettingen Universitaet Hamburg Universitaet Kiel Universitaet of Bonn Universitat Augsburg Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Universitat Hannover Universitat Karlruhe, Germany Universitat Munster, Germany Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Universitat Wurzburg Universitat de Barcelona Universitat zu Koln Universitdt Dortmund Universitdt Ulm Universite Bordwaux I Universite Joseph Fourier Universite Joseph Fournier Universite Libre de Bruxelles Universite Paris 7 - Denis Diderot Universite Paris XI Universite Paris-Sud Universite de Geneve Universite de Montreal, Canada Universite de Sherbrooke Universities Space Research Association Universitly of Waterloo University Autonoma de Madrid University Bordeuax University Cheikh Anta Diop University College University College London University College of London University College, Rangoon, Burma University Colorado Boulder University Erlangen Nuernberg University Leiden / AMOLF University Libre De Brussels University Libre de Brussels University P & M Curie ISAP University Research Associates, Incorporated University Tor Vergata University at Buffalo, SUNY University de Paris University of Aarhus University of Adelaide University of Akron University of Alabama University of Alabama, Birmingham University of Alabama, Huntsville University of Alaska University of Alaska, Fairbanks University of Alberta University of Amsterdam University of Antwerp University of Arizona University of Arkansas University of Arkansas-Fayetteville University of Augsburg University of Aveiro University of Barcelona University of Barcelona (Spain) University of Basel University of Bayreuth University of Belfast University of Berlin University of Berne University of Beyreuth University of Bielefeld University of Birmingham University of Bologna University of Bonn University of Bristol University of British Columbia University of Bucharest University of Buenos Aires, Argentina University of Buffalo University of Calgary, Canada University of California University of California Berkeley University of California Davis University of California Riverside University of California San Diego University of California Santa Barbara University of California, Berkeley University of California, Davis University of California, Irvine University of California, La Jolla University of California, Livermore University of California, Los Angeles University of California, Merced University of California, Riverside University of California, San Diego University of California, San Francisco University of California, Santa Barbara University of California, Santa Cruz University of California, Washington Center University of Cambridge University of Campinas University of Catania University of Catholique de Louvain University of Central Florida University of Chicago University of Cincinnati University of Cologne University of Colorado University of Colorado Boulder University of Colorado at Boulder University of Colorado, Boulder University of Colorado, Denver University of Complutense University of Connecticut University of Connecticut, Storrs University of Copenhagen University of Cordoba University of Crete University of Dayton University of Dayton Research Institute University of Dehli University of Delaware University of Denver University of District of Columbia University of Dortmund University of Durham University of Edinburgh University of Electro-Communications University of Erlangen-Nuremberg University of Exeter University of Florence University of Florida University of Florida, Gainesville University of Frankfort University of Freiburg University of Geneva University of Gent, Belgium University of Georgia University of Giessen University of Glasgow University of Gothenburg University of Gothenburg and KTH Royal Institute of Technology University of Gottingen University of Graz University of Groningen University of Guanajuato University of Guelph University of Hamburg University of Hannover University of Havana, Cuba University of Hawaii University of Hawaii at Manoa University of Heidelberg University of Hong Kong University of Houston University of Hyderabad University of Idaho University of Illinois University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign University of Illinois, Chicago University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign University of Innsbruck University of Insubria University of Ioannina University of Iowa University of Kaiserslautern University of Kansas University of Kentucky University of Koeln University of Konstanz University of La Plata University of Leeds University of Leiden University of Leipzig University of Leningrad University of Leoben University of Leuven University of Libre de Bruxelles University of Liege University of Liverpool University of Liège University of Ljublljana University of London University of Lorraine University of Lund University of Lusanne University of Luxembourg University of Maine University of Mainz University of Manchester University of Manitoba University of Marburg University of Maribor University of Maryland University of Maryland - College Park University of Maryland Eastern Shore University of Maryland, Baltimore County University of Maryland, College Park University of Massachusetts University of Massachusetts Amherst University of Massachusetts Boston University of Massachusetts Lowell University of Melbourne University of Memphis University of Mexico University of Miami University of Michigan University of Michigan, Ann Arbor University of Michigan, Dearborn University of Milan University of Milano, Bicocca University of Minnesota University of Minnesota Twin Cities University of Minnesota, Duluth University of Minnesota, Minneapolis University of Minnesota, Twin Cities University of Mississippi University of Missouri University of Missouri, Columbia University of Missouri, Kansas City University of Missouri, Rolla University of Missouri, St Louis University of Modena and INFM, Italy University of Montana University of Montreal University of Munchen University of Munich University of Naples Federico II University of Nebraska University of Nebraska-Lincoln University of Nevada University of Nevada, Las Vegas University of Nevada, Reno University of New Hampshire University of New Mexico University of New Orleans University of New South Wales University of Newcastle University of Nijmegen University of North Alabama University of North Carolina University of North Carolina - Chapel Hill University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University of North Carolina – Charlotte University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill University of North Caroline, Chapel Hill University of North Texas University of Notre Dame University of Oklahoma University of Oregon University of Oslo University of Otago University of Ottawa University of Ottawa, Canada University of Ottowa University of Oxford University of Padova University of Paris, Sud University of Patras University of Pavia University of Pennsylvania University of Piazzale Delle Scienze, Italy University of Pisa University of Pittsburgh University of Potsdam University of Provence University of Puerto Rico University of Puerto Rico at Humacao University of Queenland University of Queensland University of Queensland, Australia University of Reading University of Rhode Island University of Rio de Janeiro University of Rochester University of Rochester Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Roma University of Rome - Sapienza University of Rostock University of Saarland, Germany University of San Diego University of Sao Paulo University of Saskatchewan University of Saskatchewan, Canada University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada University of Science & Technology University of Science & Technology of China University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology of China University of Seoul University of Sherbrooke University of South Carolina University of South Carolina, Westinghouse University of South Florida University of Southampton University of Southampton, UK University of Southern California University of Southern California, Los Angeles University of Southern Denmark University of Southern Denmark, Odense University of Southern Mississippi University of Space Research Association University of St Andrews University of St. Thomas University of Stirling University of Strathclyde University of Stuttgart, Germany University of Surrey University of Sydney University of Tennessee University of Tennessee, Knoxville University of Texas University of Texas at Austin University of Texas at Dallas University of Texas, Arlington University of Texas, Austin University of Texas, Brownsville University of Texas, Dallas University of Texas, Austin University of Tokyo University of Toledo University of Toronto University of Trieste University of Tsukuba University of Twente University of Twente, Netherlands University of Twente, The Netherlands University of Ulm University of Ulm - Germany University of Uppsala University of Uppsala, Sweden University of Utah University of Venice Ca'Foscari University of Vermont University of Victoria University of Vienna University of Vienna - Austria University of Virginia University of Waikato University of Warsaw University of Warwick University of Washington University of Waterloo University of Western Australia University of Western Ontario University of Windsor University of Wisconsin University of Wisconsin - Madison University of Wisconsin, Madison University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee University of Wisconsin-La Crosse University of Wisconsin-Madison University of Wisconsin-Madison, Department of Physics University of Wisconsin–Madison University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee University of Wisconson University of Wuerzburg University of Wyoming University of Yaounde I, Cameroon University of Zagreb University of Zaragoza, Spain University of Zurich University of de Leige University of the Sciences in Philadelphia Universityersità di Roma Universityersité du Maine University  of Toronto Università degli Studi di Pavia Universität Bonn Universität Münster Université Paul Sabatier Université de Liège Université de Paris, France Université de Sherbrooke Uppsala University Utrecht University Utsunomiya University VU Amsterdam & OIST Graduate University Valyn International Van der Waals-Zeeman Institut Vanderbilt University Varian Associates Varian Medical Systems Varian Research Center ViBo Health Victoria University Vienna University of Technology Virgina Polytechnic Institute Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Polytechnic Institute Virginia Polytechnic University Virginia Tech Virginia Technical Institute Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Vrije Universiteit Wake Forest University Walter Reed Army Institute Walter Schottky Institut Walther Meissner Institut Warsaw University Washington State University Washington TRU Solutions, LLC Washington University in St. Louis Washington, D.C. Watertown Aresenal Wayne State University Weissunau, Germany Weizman Institute of Technology Weizmann Institute of Science Wellesley College Wellman Center for Photomedicine & Biophotonics Wesleyan University West Virginia University Western Digital Corporation Western Electric Company Western Michigan University Westinghouse Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company Westinghouse Research Laboratories Westmont College Wichita State University William & Mary William & Mary College William I. Fine Theoretical Physics Institute Williams College Williamsburg, Virginia Wilmington, Delaware Wilson Teachers College Wisconsin University Wolfgang Goethe Universitdt Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Worcester Polytechnic Institute World Scientific Publishing Co Wright Patterson Air Force Base Wuhan University of Technology Wyatt Tech Corp Wyatt Technology X, the moonshot factory Xerox Xerox Corporation Xerox PARC Xerox Palo Alto Research Center Xerox Research Laboratory Yale University Yerevan Phys Inst Yerkes Observatory Yeshiva University York University Zap Energy Zenith Radio Corporation Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Zhejiang University École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne

James R. Albritton [1986]
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
Citation: For important contributions to the theory of laser plasma interactions and electron heat transport.
Nominated by: DPP

Phillip B. Allen [1986]
State University of New York, Stony Brook
Citation: For contributions to the theory of electron-phonon effects in metals and semiconductors.
Nominated by: DCMP

Silas James Allen [1986]
University of California, Santa Barbara
Citation: For creative far-infrared spectroscopy that elucidated the physics of transport in 2-dimensional electron systems; diffusion in superionic conductors, and spin-lattice interactions in magnetic insulators.
Nominated by: DCMP

Robert E. Anholt [1986]
Not available
Citation: For contributions to the study of heavy-ion-atom collisions spanning quasimolecular collisions at low energy to collisions with relativistic projectiles.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Thomas M. Antonsen [1986]
University of Maryland
Citation: For contributions to the theory of the stability of high temperature plasmas and the theory of the production of intense ion beams.
Nominated by: DPP

Ali S. Argon [1986]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Citation: For fundamental contributions to understanding of plastic deformation of polymer glasses.
Nominated by: DPOLY

Daniel Jonathon Auerbach [1986]
University of California, Santa Barbara
Citation: For experimental studies leading to better understanding of dynamical aspects of gas surface interactions.
Nominated by: DCP

Naftali Auerbach [1986]
Tel Aviv University
Citation: For his many important contributions to the theoretical understanding of nuclear structure.
Nominated by: DNP

Mark Ya Azbel [1986]
Tel Aviv University
Citation: For his contribution to the Azbel-Kaner cyclotron resonance method, his elucidation of the complex spectrum of Bloch electrons in magnetic field, and his theoretical work on DNA denaturation and transport through finite random structures.
Nominated by: DCMP

Bertram Batlogg [1986]
ETH Zurich
Citation: For contributions to the understanding of f-element compounds, particularly the mixed valence states of Tm1-xSe and of the heavy-fermion compounds CeCu2Si, UPt3, and UBe13.
Nominated by: DCMP

Robert Steven Bauer [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For outstanding experimental contributions and technical leadership in understanding the electronic properties of semiconductors, especially their surfaces and interfaces.
Nominated by: DCMP

Paul R. Berman [1986]
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Citation: For fundamental contributions to an understanding of the effects of atomic and molecular collisions on the behavior of gas lasers, on coherent transient phenomena, and on high-resolution spectroscopic lineshapes.
Nominated by: DAMOP

J Robert Beyster [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Ravindra N. Bhatt [1986]
Princeton University
Citation: For his effective use of fundamental theory, numerical simulation and phenomenology in elucidating such diverse systems as quantum fluids, spin glasses, and doped semiconductors near metal-insulator transitions.
Nominated by: DCMP

Gary Carl Bjorklund [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For pioneering work in non linear optics and the development and application of widely used techniques in laser spectroscopy, such as frequency modulation spectroscopy.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Ronald E. Blackwelder [1986]
University of Southern California
Citation: For his contributions to the physical understanding of the structure of turbulent boundary layers.
Nominated by: DFD

Christopher Bottcher [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For versatile theoretical studies of atomic and molecular processes involving development of new powerful methods of mathematical and numerical analysis.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Douglas Andrew Bryman [1986]
University of British Columbia
Citation: For leadership in the experimental search for lepton number conservation and in pion decay experiments confirming the hypothesis of electron-muon university.
Nominated by: DNP

Amyand David Buckingham [1986]
University of Cambridge
Citation: For the development of the basic statistical mechanical theory that relates the equilibrium electromagnetic properties of a gas to the properties of clusters of interacting molecules.
Nominated by: DCP

John David Buckmaster [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For fundamental contributions to fluid mechanics which have, in particular, helped to transform combustion theory into a mathematical science.
Nominated by: DFD

Federico Capasso [1986]
Harvard University
Citation: For outstanding contributions to the advancement of optical and microwave devices with 'band structure engineering'.
Nominated by: DCMP

Peter J. Catto [1986]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Citation: For contributions to the theory of plasma equilibrium, stability and transport in mirrors, bumpy tori, and tokamaks, and for contributions to the theory of particle gyrokinetics.
Nominated by: DPP

Tai-Chang Chiang [1986]
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Citation: For his numerous contributions to the understanding of bulk, surface and interface states of metals and semiconductors using photoemission techniques.
Nominated by: DCMP

William Chinowsky [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For contributions to the discovery of numerous elementary particles and the determination of their properties.
Nominated by: DPF

Ying-Nan Chiu [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For pioneering contribution in the use of modern angular momentum and irreducible tensor methods to derive molecular rotation-electronic structure and spectroscopic intensities of higher multipole radiation and interference in molecules.
Nominated by: DCP

Steven Chu [1986]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For contributions in atomic physics and laser spectroscopy, including the first observation of parity nonconservation in atoms, excitation and precision spectroscopy of positronium, and the optical confinement and cooling of atoms.
Nominated by: DAMOP

David Richard Clarke [1986]
Harvard University
Citation: For important contributions to understanding atomic-scale fracture phenomena, structure and energetics of class-ceramic interfaces, and toughening mechanisms in ceramic materials.
Nominated by: DCMP

Claude Cohen-Tannoudji [1986]
Lab de Phys ENS
Citation: For his seminal studies of the interactions between electromagnetic fields and atoms.
Nominated by: DAMOP

David Risdon Crosley [1986]
SRI International
Citation: For significant contributions to the understanding of the role of free radicals in discharges and chemical reactions by the detailed study of their kinetics and spectroscopy.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Paul J. Dagdigian [1986]
Johns Hopkins University
Citation: For his contribution to an experimental understanding of the dynamics of rotationally inelastic collisions and of the origin of spin-orbit effects in chemical reactions.
Nominated by: DCP

Jack Davis [1986]
Naval Research Laboratory
Citation: For contributions to the radiative theory of dense plasmas including modifications of atomic properties and self-consistent treatments of plasma dynamics and radiation.
Nominated by: DPP

Patrick H. Diamond [1986]
University of California, San Diego
Citation: For important contributions to nonlinear plasma theory, plasma turbulence and understanding of anomalous transport in toroidal, magnetically confined plasma.
Nominated by: DPP

James F. Drake [1986]
University of Maryland
Citation: For significant contributions to the understanding of tearing instabilities, magnetic reconnection and magnetohydrodynamic activity in laboratory and space plasmas.
Nominated by: DPP

Frank Barry Dunning [1986]
Rice University
Citation: For his seminal contributions to the study of atoms in high Rydberg states, and in the extension of atomic methodology to introduce new spectroscopies for studies of solid surfaces.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Robert A. Eisenstein [1986]
Santa Fe Alliance for Science
Citation: For leadership in Intermediate Energy Nuclear Physics, whereby experiments with pions, kaons, and antiprotons, he has demonstrated the effects of nuclear structure and the nuclear medium on elementary interactions.
Nominated by: DNP

Kenneth B Eisenthal [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Kenneth B. Eisenthal [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For pioneering the applications of lasers to chemistry and being on of the first and major contributors to the development of the field of picosecond laser spectroscopy.
Nominated by: DCP

Charles P. Enz [1986]
Universite de Geneve
Citation: For his many contributions to condensed-matter physics, equilibrium and non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, and the history of physics.
Nominated by: DCMP

Ralph Feder [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For pioneering the field of x-ray contact microscopy, and for his early contributions to the study of the equilibrium concentration of point defects in metals.
Nominated by: DCMP

Paul D. Feldman [1986]
Johns Hopkins University
Citation: For his contributions to understanding the gasses in comets through their ultraviolet spectra, and his work on the upper atmospheres of the planets and the earth.
Nominated by: DAP

Daniel Sebastian Fisher [1986]
Stanford University
Citation: For his application of the modern techniques of statistical mechanics to such diverse systems as two-dimensional phase transitions, solid 3He, charge-density-wave solids, and disordered magnets.
Nominated by: DCMP

Wladyslaw Fiszdon [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For his lasting contributions to Aerodynamics and for his tireless efforts in promoting the development of Fluid Dynamics through he Biennial Fluid Dynamics Symposia that he has organized in Poland since 1951.
Nominated by: DFD

William R. Frazer [1986]
Not available
Citation: For contributions to elementary particle theory, including analysis of electromagnetic structure of nucleons which predicted the existence of the rho meson, analysis of multiparticle reactions, and work in perturbative QCD.
Nominated by: DPF

Daniel Z. Freedman [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For important contributions to the development of supersymmetry and supergravity quantum field theory.
Nominated by: DPF

Jacques Friedel [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For outstanding contributions to the microscopic description of impurities in metals and the properties of crystals, allows and surfaces.
Nominated by: DCMP

Henry Jonathan Frisch [1986]
University of Chicago
Citation: For significant contributions to the understanding of production of hadrons at large transverse momentum.
Nominated by: DPF

Pierre-Gilles de Gennes [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For his pioneering and leading role in a variety of fields in condensed-matter theory and polymer physics.
Nominated by: DCMP

Albert Ghiorso [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Albert Ghiorso [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For his discovery, with coworkers, of twelve transuranium elements (atomic numbers 96-106, inclusive) and the determination of their radioactive decay properties.
Nominated by: DNP

H. Brian Gilbody [1986]
Queens Univ of Belfast
Citation: In recognition of twenty years of dependable reliable measurements of ion-atom collision cross-sections.
Nominated by: DAMOP

John M. Goodkind [1986]
University of California, San Diego
Citation: For the investigation of the properties of liquid and solid, 3He, and for contributions to the development and application of nuclear cooling and superconducting devices.
Nominated by: DCMP

Sandra Charlene Greer [1986]
Mills College
Citation: For seminal contributions to experimental thermodynamics leading to new understanding of phase transitions.
Nominated by: DCP

Dennis Stanley Greywall [1986]
Not available
Citation: For setting standards of precision and elegance in the study of quantum fluids and solids at low and ultra-low temperatures.
Nominated by: DCMP

Feza Gursey [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For important contributions to symmetries of particles through the use of Group Theory; the introduction of chiral symmetry and the SU(6) symmetry of the quark model; and the introduction of exceptional groups to particle physics.
Nominated by: DPF

Charles Martin Guttman [1986]
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Citation: For his modeling by Monte Carlo and Gambler's Ruin Methods of both the morphology and SANS of semicrystalline polymers, and for his work on Gel Permeation chromatography.
Nominated by: DPOLY

Yukap Hahn [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For significant contributions in a number of areas of physics, including theoretical atomic physics and, especially, for his thorough, and important calculations on dielectronic recombination.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Frederick Duncan Michael Haldane [1986]
Princeton University
Citation: For his contributions, both analytic and numerical, to the solution of difficult many-body problems such as the Anderson model, the quantum spin chain and the-fractionally quantized Hall effect.
Nominated by: DCMP

Eugene E. Haller [1986]
University of California, Berkeley
Citation: For pioneering contributions to the development of ultrapure semiconductors and significant investigations of the spectroscopy of novel defects in them.
Nominated by: DCMP

Gail G. Hanson [1986]
University of California, Riverside
Citation: For numerous and important contributions to the discovery and study of new particles, and to the establishment of quarks as hadronic constituents.
Nominated by: DPF

Haim Harari [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For outstanding contributions to hadron phenomenology, for many excellent reviews and rapporteur's talks. and for profound idea on possible quark-lepton composite structure.
Nominated by: DPF

Richard J. Hawryluk [1986]
Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory
Citation: For outstanding contributions to understanding plasma behavior in tokamak devices, particularly startup, transport and heating.
Nominated by: DPP

Wallace Dean Hayes [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For influencing generations of graduate students at Princeton and elsewhere with the elegance and precision of his theoretical works.
Nominated by: DFD

Thorwald Herbert [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Thorwald Herbert [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: In recognition of his fundamental contributions to the theory of linear and nonlinear hydrodynamic stability and in particular for his explanation of the subharmonic instabilities in boundary-layer flows.
Nominated by: DFD

David George Hitlin [1986]
California Institute of Technology
Citation: For contributions to the study of weak decays of K mesons, particularly measurements of CP violating parameters and form factors, and for measurements of hadronic states produced in the decay of the psi meson and detailed studies of the weak decays of charmed particles.
Nominated by: DPF

Robin M. Hochstrasser [1986]
University of Pennsylvania
Citation: For inventing ingenious experiments exploiting the non-linear couplings of radiation and matter, and using these methods in pioneering studies of dynamics of molecules in gas, liquid and solid phases.
Nominated by: DCP

Darleane Hoffman [1986]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For a long and distinguished career of pioneering studies in the understanding of low-energy and spontaneous fission and the production of heavy-element isotopes.
Nominated by: DNP

Shaw Ling Hsu [1986]
University of Massachusetts Amherst
Citation: For his use of vibrational spectroscopy to characterize polymer structure and to follow the dynamics of structural change.
Nominated by: DPOLY

Setsuno Ichimaru [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For significant contributions to the advancement of the many-body theories and statistical physics of plasmas and related condensed matter, and their application to plasma astrophysics.
Nominated by: DPP

Shirley Ann Jackson [1986]
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Citation: For contributions to the theory of charge density wave instabilities, the channeling of heavy ions in solids, and the behavior of 2-D electrons on helium films.
Nominated by: DCMP

Allan Stanley Jacobson [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For pioneering work in high resolution gamma-ray astrophysical observations and instrumentation.
Nominated by: DAP

Marilyn Elizabeth Jacox [1986]
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Citation: For original and important contributions to matrix isolation spectroscopy and ultraviolet photochemistry of molecular radicals and ions.
Nominated by: DCP

Robert Loren Jaffe [1986]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Citation: For important contributions to the dynamics of confined quarks and gluons, and the study of glueballs, multiquark hadrons, and quark distributions in nuclei, in the context of QCD.
Nominated by: DPF

Thomas R. Jarboe [1986]
University of Washington
Citation: For innovation and leadership in spheromak research including equilibrium, stability, and sustainment physics, and for contributions to the understanding of the role of magnetic helicity during spheromak formation and sustainment.
Nominated by: DPP

David Robert Kassoy [1986]
University of Colorado, Boulder
Citation: For the imaginative application of perturbation methods to the mathematical modeling of fluid dynamical processes in diverse physical systems.
Nominated by: DFD

Michael A Kinch [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Frederick K. Lamb [1986]
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign
Citation: For his pioneering studies of the physics of compact x-ray sources, and especially his work relating observations with theoretical models.
Nominated by: DAP

Paul G. Langacker [1986]
Institute for Advanced Study
Citation: For his contributions to our understanding of modern elementary particle theory and its empirical validity.
Nominated by: DPF

Yue-Ying Lau [1986]
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor
Citation: For significant contributions to the theory of electron beam devices.
Nominated by: DPP

Robert B. Laughlin [1986]
Stanford University
Citation: For seminal insights into the nature of two-dimensional electrons in a magnetic field, and of the state responsible for the fractional quantum Hall effect.
Nominated by: DCMP

Edward Kyung-Chai Lee [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For pioneer work in the spectroscopy of single vibronic levels, especially with small molecules such as CH2O, SO2, and H2O4 isolated in matrices.
Nominated by: DCP

Patrick A. Lee [1986]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Citation: For outstanding contributions to the theory of many-body effects in condensed matter, especially in one and two dimensional solids with disorder.
Nominated by: DCMP

Donald George LeGrand [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For fundamental mechanical, thermal, optical and scattering investigations of bulk and surface properties of glassy polymers.
Nominated by: DPOLY

Marc David Levenson [1986]
Not available
Citation: For his leadership in the development of a broad variety of novel techniques of nonlinear laser spectroscopy and his insightful application of these techniques to physically interesting problems.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Steven G. Louie [1986]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For contributions to the understanding of the electronic and structural properties of condensed matter through innovative quantum mechanical calculations on bulk solids, surfaces, chemisorption systems, solid-solid interfaces, and defects in solids.
Nominated by: DCMP

Olli Viktor Lounasmaa [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For contributions to experimental low-temperature physics, especially to nuclear cooling liquid 3He as a practical method, and to the discovery and measurement of nuclear ordering in metallic copper.
Nominated by: DCMP

Harry Lustig [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Margaret L. A. MacVicar [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For research on transition-metal superconductivity, and for innovation in education at the university level.
Nominated by: DCMP

William Joseph Marciano [1986]
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Citation: For important contributions to the study of radiative corrections to W and Z masses and sin2 0w determined in GUTS and experiment.
Nominated by: DPF

Indrek Martinson [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Dennis L. Matthews [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For contributions to x-ray spectroscopy of laser heated plasmas and to the development of XUV lasers.
Nominated by: DPP

J. Douglas McDonald [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For his pioneering and seminal studies in chemical dynamics- studies of vibrational energy distributions in reactive intermediates, collision-free vibrational energy intramolecular redistribution, and molecular quantum beats.
Nominated by: DCP

Michael Walford McNaughton [1986]
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Citation: For precise measurements leading to the complete determination of the isovector nucleon-nucleon s-matrix amplitudes at intermediate energies.
Nominated by: DNP

Horia Metiu [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For his insightful contributions to our understanding of surfaces and adsorbates using spectroscopic techniques to measure dynamic properties.
Nominated by: DCMP

Alfred Henry Mueller [1986]
University of Giessen
Citation: For developing a 'factorization theorem' in field theory and its extension.
Nominated by: DPF

John Stuart Muenter [1986]
University of Rochester
Citation: For the development and application of experimental techniques to study the electronic structure of molecules with specific relevance to dipole moments if isotopic origin, hydrogen bonding, and vibrational predissociation.
Nominated by: DCP

Dietrich Muller [1986]
University of Chicago
Citation: For his development of transition radiation detectors into a practical tool and their application to the measurement of the cosmic ray electron spectrum with unmatched precision.
Nominated by: DAP

Robert E. Nahory [1986]
Rutgers University
Citation: For many important contributions to the fundamental understanding of practical use of optoelectronic phenomena in semiconductors.
Nominated by: DCMP

David Robert Nygren [1986]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For the invention of the Time Projection Chamber, a novel concept for tracking charged particles, and the introduction of the concepts of wave form sampling with offline pulse reconstruction and radial drift.
Nominated by: DPF

Sekyu Michael Ohr [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For experimental and theoretical investigation of defects in metal crystals, and for seminal studies of the fracture of solids.
Nominated by: DCMP

Gordon Cecil Osbourn [1986]
Sandia National Laboratories
Citation: For his work in stimulating the field of strained-layer superlattices and for his theoretical studies of their electrical and optical properties.
Nominated by: DCMP

Leonid Ozernoy [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For pioneering work on the theory of coherent behavior of supermassive objects in astrophysics and original, innovative ideas spanning a wide range of areas in astrophysics and cosmology.
Nominated by: DAP

Kosal Chandra Pandey [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For contributions to the physics of semiconductor surface reconstruction, especially the introduction of π-bonding as a reconstruction mechanism and for the π -bonded chain model of the Si(111)-2X1 surface.
Nominated by: DCMP

Jay M. Pasachoff [1986]
Williams College
Citation: In recognition of your research work in a wide range of astronomical fields- including the solar corona at total solar eclipses and interstellar deuterium and its cosmological consequences- and bringing contemporary research to students through your textbooks.
Nominated by: DAP

Phillip Pechukas [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For fundamental contributions to theoretical chemical kinetics, to the theory of semiclassical approximation, and to the study of 'quantum chaos'.
Nominated by: DCP

Ronald Arthur Phaneuf [1986]
University of Nevada, Reno
Citation: For his contributions to the understanding of multicharged ion interactions in the areas of charge transfer and of many electron effects in electron-ion collisions.
Nominated by: DAMOP

William Daniel Phillips [1986]
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Citation: For outstanding contributions to atomic physics, especially the laser cooling and trapping of neutral atomic beams, and the determination of fundamental constants.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Michael Ronald Philpott [1986]
Not available
Citation: For pioneering theoretical and spectroscopic studies, of the electronic vibrational properties of organic solids, Langmuir films and electrode interfaces.
Nominated by: DCP

Robert O Pohl [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Bernard Goodwin Pope [1986]
Michigan State University
Citation: For important contributions to the discovery of subsequent study of both large transverse momentum and phenomena and dilepton production in hadronic interactions.
Nominated by: DPF

Michael Herbert Prior [1986]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For his pioneering work on the use of ion traps for measurement of lifetimes of forbidden transitions and also for collision studies of trapped, multiply-charged ions.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Paul J Reardon [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Robert A. Ristinen [1986]
University of Colorado, Boulder
Citation: For fundamental contributions to the development of a variety of nuclear detectors, the PIXE systems of elemental analysis, the study of muonic x-rays, and to nuclear structure through such reactions as (a,xn).
Nominated by: DNP

Gary Wayne Rubloff [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For pioneering applications of surface electron spectroscopies and optical techniques to understand chemical reactions and properties of interfaces and surfaces, particularly silicon interfaces.
Nominated by: DCMP

John Henry Schwarz [1986]
California Institute of Technology
Citation: For construction of the superstring theory and its later use for unification of fundamental forces, giving a finite theory of quantum.
Nominated by: DPF

Bruce Albert Scott [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For significant contributions to the synthesis of many novel inorganic and organic materials, and the elucidation of their growth mechanisms, electronic structures and solid state properties.
Nominated by: DCMP

Pabitra N. Sen [1986]
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Citation: For contributions tot he understanding of electronmagnetic, vibrational, structural, and transport properties of amorphous and composite media.
Nominated by: DCMP

John Wesley Shaner [1986]
Los Alamos National Laboratory
Citation: For experimental research on material properties at extremely high dynamic temperatures and pressures, and for work in establishing an accurate pressure scale for static high pressure research above one megabar.
Nominated by: DCMP

Stephen M. Shapiro [1986]
Brookhaven National Laboratory
Citation: For outstanding contributions in the field of neutron scattering studies of condensed matter physics, in particular the fundamental properties of re entrant spin glasses, mixed valent compounds and hydrogen in metals.
Nominated by: DCMP

Robert Herman Siemann [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For contributions to the understanding of fundamental limitations of accelerator performance, and specifically the improvement of CESR performance.
Nominated by: DPF

Eric D. Siggia [1986]
Cornell University
Citation: For contributions to the theoretical physics of condensed matter, particularly in the areas of dynamical systems, turbulence, and low-temperature physics.
Nominated by: DCMP

Charles Kent Sinclair [1986]
Not available
Citation: For the development of the GaAs polarized electron source as a practical means to produce high current beams of longitudinally polarized electrons; and for contributions to electromagnetic interaction measurements.
Nominated by: DPF

Richard Errett Smalley [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For pioneering contributions to knowledge of molecular structure and dynamics through the development and application of techniques of laser spectroscopy in supersonic molecular beams and jets.
Nominated by: DCP

Arthur Stewart Smith [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For significant experimental contributions to the physics of muon pair production in hadron collisions.
Nominated by: DPF

Kurt A. Snover [1986]
University of Washington
Citation: For advancing our knowledge of giant resonances and gamma transitions in nuclei, including the discovery of high energy magnetic transitions and the elucidation of the dipole resonance in excited nuclei.
Nominated by: DNP

Paul Heinrich Soding [1986]
DESY - Center for Free-Electron Laser Science
Citation: For extensive contributions to studies of resonances in photo and electroproduction channels, and for pioneering research on gluons and tests of Quantum Chromodynamics in e+e- collisions.
Nominated by: DPF

Herbert Max Steiner [1986]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For his experimental scattering studies involving antiprotons, protons and neutrons leading to better understanding of both the strong and weak interactions.
Nominated by: DPF

Jeffrey I. Steinfeld [1986]
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
Citation: For his original and insightful experimental studies on molecular energy transfer, multiple photon excitation and infrared double resonance in polyatomic molecules in the gas phase.
Nominated by: DCP

Paul Joseph Steinhardt [1986]
Princeton University
Citation: For his important contributions to cosmology and to the theoretical understanding of quasicrystals.
Nominated by: DCMP

Clifford M. Surko [1986]
University of California, San Diego
Citation: For innovative development of laser diagnostic techniques and advances in the understanding of turbulence and wave propagation in tokamak fusion plasmas, fluids and solids.
Nominated by: DPP

Donald G. Swanson [1986]
Auburn University
Citation: For experimental and theoretical contributions to the effects of boundaries on fast Alfven waves and for fundamental work on mode conversion and tunneling in the ion cyclotron range of frequencies.
Nominated by: DPP

Richard Edward Taylor [1986]
Stanford University
Citation: For fundamental experiments in inelastic electron-proton scattering.
Nominated by: DPF

Lester E. Thode [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For innovative application of charged particle beam technology and research contributions in the areas of high-brightness electron beams, beam interactions with plasma, and high-power microwave generation.
Nominated by: DPP

David J. Thouless [1986]
University of Washington
Citation: For origination of fundamental concepts in the many-body theory of nuclei, in statistical mechanics and critical phenomena, and in the theory of disordered magnetic and electronic systems.
Nominated by: DCMP

Donald Gene Truhlar [1986]
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis
Citation: For his many outstanding contributions to theoretical chemical dynamics and our understanding of chemical reactions.
Nominated by: DCP

Won-Tien Tsang [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For outstanding work in the field of semiconductor lasers, including contributions to the development of molecular beam epitaxy for their fabrication, and for contributions to the development of chemical beam epitaxy.
Nominated by: DCMP

Michael S. Turner [1986]
University of Chicago
Citation: For outstanding work at the interface of particle physics and cosmology which has led to a new understanding of the early Universe.
Nominated by: DAP

William C. Turner [1986]
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Citation: For scientific and leadership contributions on ion microstability, beta and thermal barriers in magnetic mirror experiments, and field-reversed plasmas.
Nominated by: DPP

Ashok Kumar Vijh [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

Ronald E. Waltz [1986]
General Atomics
Citation: For contributions to the understanding of transport in tokamaks and for pioneering numerical simulations of turbulent transport in plasmas.
Nominated by: DPP

John David Weeks [1986]
University of Maryland
Citation: For fundamental contributions to the theory of liquids, crystal growth, interfacial properties and the surface roughening transition.
Nominated by: DCP

Clark Woody White [1986]
Not available
Citation: For basic research on laser annealing of semiconductors, ion implantation, and ion-beam surface layer analysis.
Nominated by: DCMP

Ronald H. Willens [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For contributions to the understanding of new amorphous materials and the study of their formation.
Nominated by: DCMP

Perry B Wilson [1986]

Citation: Not available
Nominated by: APS

David Jeffrey Wineland [1986]
National Institute of Standards and Technology
Citation: For the development of techniques for the storage of ions and electrons and the application of these to problems of substantial fundamental and practical interest.
Nominated by: DAMOP

Bruce Winstein [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For contributions to a series of precision measurements of the strong-weak electromagnetic and CP violating forces in the neutral kaon system.
Nominated by: DPF

Kevin L. Wolf [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: In recognition of original, innovative research in nuclear fission and in heavy ion reactions.
Nominated by: DNP

Ming Lun Yu [1986]
First Solar, LLC
Citation: For contributions to the understanding of dynamic charge transfer processes between sputtered atoms and solid surfaces, and for the application of these concepts in secondary ion mass spectrometry.
Nominated by: DCMP

Chris D. Zafiratos [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For his experimental studies of multi-nucleon transfer reactions and charge exchange reactions and their use to elucidate nuclear structure.
Nominated by: DNP

Ahmet Ziyaeddin [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For interpretation of dynamic light and neutron scattering from polymer solutions.
Nominated by: DPOLY

Paul Zoller [1986]
Affiliation not available
Citation: For his contributions to the measurement of the thermodynamic or quasi-thermodynamic properties of polymer systems in the melt, crystalline and glassy states and of transitions between these.
Nominated by: DPOLY